黄土高原旱塬区果-草-鸡生态循环模式及耦合效应分析

发布时间：2018-05-17 23:39

  本文选题：黄土高原旱塬区 + 果-草-鸡耦合系统　； 参考：《中国生态农业学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：黄土高原旱塬区生态脆弱,水资源匮乏,传统的粮经二元种植模式已严重影响和制约着黄土高原旱塬区农业的可持续发展。因此,应用系统耦合和生态循环理论,将生态涵养与优质高效生产有机结合,建立适宜于黄土高原旱塬区资源特征的粮、经、饲三元种植的农业发展模式,成为实现该区域生态与经济协调可持续发展的关键环节。本文以位于黄土高原中部的甘肃省庆阳市为研究区域,从该区域的土地资源特征和水热条件出发,设计了以功能耦合和产业耦合为核心的果-草-鸡耦合的生态循环模式,对生态循环结构进行了配置,提出了相应的技术规范,分析了其耦合效应。试验结果表明:该模式将果、草、鸡3个子系统结合在一起进行耦合生产,改善了果园系统的物种结构,提高了农业资源利用率,使果园系统能量相互转化和循环利用。与传统的清耕果园模式相比,单位面积的产出利润提高3.82倍,水分利用率提高54.1%,水土流失量减少58.82%,化肥和农药施用量分别下降25.24%和5.56%,土地资源利用率提高36.84%,具有显著的生态、经济和社会效益,在黄土高原地区具有广泛的应用和推广价值。
[Abstract]:The ecological environment is fragile and the water resources are scarce in the dryland area of the Loess Plateau. The traditional grain and economic binary planting pattern has seriously affected and restricted the sustainable development of agriculture in the dryland area of the Loess Plateau. Therefore, by applying the theory of system coupling and ecological cycle, combining ecological conservation with high quality and high efficiency production, an agricultural development model of ternary planting, which is suitable for natural resources characteristics in the arid plateau of the Loess Plateau, has been established. It has become the key link to realize the coordinated and sustainable development of ecology and economy in this region. Taking Qingyang City, Gansu Province, in the middle of the Loess Plateau as the research area, based on the characteristics of land resources and the water and heat conditions in the region, an ecological cycle model with the core of functional coupling and industrial coupling is designed, which is based on the coupling of fruit, grass and chicken. The ecological cycle structure is configured, the corresponding technical specification is put forward, and the coupling effect is analyzed. The results showed that this model could combine fruit, grass and chicken subsystems together for coupling production, improve the species structure of orchard system, increase the utilization rate of agricultural resources, and make the energy of orchard system transform and recycle each other. Compared with the traditional clear tillage orchard model, the output profit per unit area increased 3.82 times, the water use efficiency increased 54.1%, the soil and water loss decreased 58.82%, the fertilizer and pesticide application decreased 25.24% and 5.56% respectively, and the utilization ratio of land resources increased 36.84%. Economic and social benefits are widely used and popularized in the Loess Plateau.
【作者单位】： 兰州大学草地农业科技学院/兰州大学草业科学国家级实验教学中心/草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD14B006) 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YF0504603)资助~~
【分类号】：F327
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本文编号：1903404