四川省凉山彝族地区农村精准扶贫问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 14:22

本文选题：凉山彝族地区 + 农村　；参考：《广西民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新中国成立以来,我国在不同时期依照当时的国情制定了不同的扶贫政策,取得了显著的成果。作为我国最大的彝族聚居区和贫困最深重的地区,凉山彝族地区的扶贫政策与国家扶贫政策基本保持一致,大致经历了救济式扶贫、体制性扶贫、大规模经济开发式扶贫等五个阶段,通过五个阶段的扶贫工作,凉山彝族地区基本消除绝对贫困,但由于自然环境、历史、基础建设等因素,相对贫困依然严重,反贫困形势严峻。通过对凉山彝族地区扶贫工作进行系统回顾,发现传统的粗放型的开发式扶贫,在面对剩余的贫困程度深、脱贫难度大的贫困人口时,存在针对性不强,扶贫资金利用率低、扶贫管理不到位等问题,扶贫效率逐年下降,扶贫难度加大。针对传统扶贫模式存在的种种问题,近年来开始开展精准扶贫。在对凉山彝族地区调研中发现,在精准扶贫实践中逐步显现出一些问题,如贫困对象识别难度大、农户参与程度低、制度不完善、基层政府扶贫项目不适当等问题,导致精准扶贫未完全执行到位,扶贫成效有限。论文围绕精准扶贫含义并结合凉山彝族地区的特点,分析了该地区在开展精准扶贫过程中存在的问题及产生问题的原因。最后在原因分析的基础上提出了相应的对策:一是通过精准识别和动态管理实现贫困人口的精准识别;二是从人力贫困、环境贫困以及资本贫困三方面提出了具有针对性的帮扶措施;三是提高农户参与度提高自身能动性;四是完善扶贫政策,加强管理,优化资源配置;五是从交通、水利、互联网等方面加快基础设施建设步伐。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, China has made different poverty alleviation policies in different periods according to the national conditions at that time, and has achieved remarkable results. As the largest Yi nationality concentrated area and the most impoverished area in our country, the poverty alleviation policy in Liangshan Yi nationality area is basically in line with the national poverty alleviation policy, and has roughly experienced relief poverty alleviation and systemic poverty alleviation. Through the five stages of poverty alleviation in the five stages of large-scale economic development, the Liangshan Yi region has basically eliminated absolute poverty. However, due to natural environment, history, infrastructure and other factors, the relative poverty is still serious. The situation against poverty is grim. Through a systematic review of poverty alleviation work in Liangshan Yi nationality area, it is found that the traditional extensive development-oriented poverty alleviation, in the face of the remaining poor population with deep degree of poverty and great difficulty in getting rid of poverty, has weak pertinence and low utilization rate of poverty alleviation funds. Poverty reduction efficiency has decreased year by year, and poverty alleviation has become more difficult. Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional poverty alleviation model, precision poverty alleviation has been carried out in recent years. In the investigation of Liangshan Yi nationality area, we found that some problems appeared gradually in the practice of precision poverty alleviation, such as the difficulty of identifying the poor object, the low participation of farmers, the imperfect system, the inappropriate poverty alleviation project of grass-roots government, etc. As a result, precision poverty alleviation is not fully implemented in place, poverty reduction results are limited. Based on the meaning of precision poverty alleviation and the characteristics of Yi nationality area in Liangshan, the paper analyzes the existing problems and the causes of the problems in the process of carrying out precision poverty alleviation in this area. Finally, on the basis of the cause analysis, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward: one is to realize the accurate identification of the poor population through precision identification and dynamic management, the other is to realize the accurate identification of the poor population from the perspective of human poverty. Environmental poverty and capital poverty have put forward targeted measures to help; third, to increase farmers' participation and improve their own initiative; fourth, to improve poverty alleviation policies, strengthen management, and optimize resource allocation; and fifthly, from the perspective of transportation, water conservancy, Internet and other areas to speed up the pace of infrastructure construction.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

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