内蒙古草原畜牧业适度规模经营研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 13:26

本文选题：草原畜牧业 + 草原适度规模经营　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2017年中央一号文件强调,要积极推进畜牧业供给侧结构性改革,发展适度规模经营,扶持规模适度的家庭牧场成为畜牧业改革的方向和重点。作为畜产品的主要生产基地,内蒙古草原畜牧业发展面临的问题突出,如牧民收入水平低、生态环境恶化等,牧场适度规模经营是解决这类问题的关键。因此本文利用三种不同方法从不同角度对内蒙古草原畜牧业的适度经营规模进行测算,从而为解决内蒙古畜牧业发展中存在的问题提供依据。本文的研究基于内蒙古草甸草原、典型草原、荒漠草原和草原化荒漠四个草原类型区的212个样本牧户的调查数据。首先对不同类型草原区畜牧业规模经营与牧民收入之间关系进行研究,结果显示:除草原化荒漠,其他三种类型草原的人均收入水平随牧户草场经营规模的扩大,大致呈"倒U"型变化趋势。运用DEA方法对牧户生产效率进行评价并测算出实现较高生产效率目标下牧户草场适度经营规模,四种类型草原中大部分牧户实现了较高的生产效率,规模无效是导致牧户生产效率低的主要原因,草场经营的适度规模分别为3811.69亩、4055.46亩、15239.85亩和12599.37亩。运用综合平衡法测算出实现现有收入水平目标下的适度经营规模,四种草原牧户草场适度规模经营范围分别为4310.74亩～4632.88亩、3877.88亩～5357.83 亩、15444.97 亩～19376.86 亩、15721.71 亩～20039.02 亩。运用多目标规划模型测算了经济效益和生态效益双重目标下的牧户草场适度经营规模,结果得出,草甸草原和典型草原的最优草场经营规模分别为10967.8亩和12166亩。针对上述研究结论,本文提出应保证因地制宜、加快草场流转,分阶段推进草畜适度规模经营、实施补贴和优惠政策,扶持草场规模经营、建立草场规模经营保险基金制度,降低规模经营者风险、牧业资金支持系统及自我积累机制的建立与配合的政策建议,以促使内蒙古草原畜牧业的健康可持续发展。
[Abstract]:In 2017, the first document of the Central Committee stressed the need to actively promote the supply-side structural reform of animal husbandry, to develop moderate scale management, and to support the family pastures of moderate scale as the direction and focus of animal husbandry reform. As the main production base of livestock products, Inner Mongolia grassland animal husbandry is faced with outstanding problems, such as the low income level of herdsmen, the deterioration of ecological environment and so on. The key to solve these problems is the moderate scale management of pastures. Therefore, this paper uses three different methods to calculate the appropriate management scale of grassland animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia from different angles, thus providing the basis for solving the problems existing in the development of animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia. This study is based on 212 sample pastoral data of Inner Mongolia Meadow grassland, typical steppe, desert steppe and steppe desert four steppe types. Firstly, the relationship between animal husbandry scale management and herdsmen's income in different types of steppe regions was studied. The results showed that the income per capita of the other three types of steppe increased with the scale of pasture management, except for steppe desert. The change trend of "inverted U" type is approximately. Using DEA method to evaluate the production efficiency of herdsmen and calculate the moderate scale of pasture management under the goal of achieving higher production efficiency, most of the pastoral households in the four types of grasslands have achieved higher production efficiency. The inefficient scale is the main reason for the low production efficiency of the herdsmen. The moderate scale of the grassland management is 3811.69 mu / mu and 12599.37 mu / mu, respectively, and 15239.85 mu / mu and 12599.37 mu / mu respectively. According to the comprehensive balance method, the moderate management scale of four kinds of grassland pastures was calculated under the goal of income level. The range of moderate scale management of four kinds of grassland pastures was 4310.74 mu, 4632.88 mu, 5357.83 mu, 15376.86 mu, 15721.71 mu / mu, 20039.02 mu, respectively. Based on the multi-objective programming model, the appropriate scale of pasture management was calculated under the dual objectives of economic benefit and ecological benefit. The results showed that the optimal scale of grassland management of meadow grassland and typical grassland was 10967.8 mu and 12166 mu, respectively. In view of the above research conclusions, this paper puts forward that measures should be taken according to local conditions, grassland circulation should be quickened, appropriate scale management of grass livestock should be promoted in stages, subsidies and preferential policies should be implemented, grassland scale management should be supported, and insurance fund system for grassland scale management should be established. In order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of Inner Mongolia grassland animal husbandry, it is necessary to reduce the risk of large-scale managers, establish and coordinate the system of animal husbandry fund support and self-accumulation.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.3

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