基于准时制与货损因素的生鲜物流配送路径优化研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 17:00

本文选题：生鲜产品 + 物流配送　；参考：《华北电力大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的飞速发展,互联网络的发展也开始逐步趋向于成熟,网络购物已经开始成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,国内电子商务借此获得了飞速发展。近些年来,我国的电子商务各项交易增长量一直保持着较快的发展势头。在电子商务飞速发展的形势下,生鲜产品电子商务应运而生,生鲜产品电子商务发展迅速,市场规模巨大,但是,到目前为止,仅仅依靠生鲜产品电子商务开启盈利模式的电商近乎没有,究其原因,一是因为生鲜电商以生鲜产品的订单作为赖以生存的源泉,二是因为生鲜产品对于产品新鲜度与时间有着较高的要求,大多采用冷链配送,冷链配送比一般的物流产品配送要求更高也更复杂,前期需要投入大量的资金,三是因为生鲜产品相对于其他的产品来说,生鲜产品更容易损坏,必须使用特定的包装对其进行加护,还需配备特定的外部包装加以辅助。本文着重考虑物流配送过程中的准时制及货损因素,构建生鲜产品物流配送路径优化模型,以期在达到降低总成本的基础上,进一步确保生鲜产品的配送过程可以在准时、货损较小、效率较高的情况下完成。论文首先对电子商务环境下生鲜产品的概念进行相关论述,然后对生鲜产品的物流配送系统进行分析,接着对生鲜产品在物流配送环节中的主要模式进行阐述,指出生鲜产品在物流配送环节中的不足之处。对生鲜产品物流配送过程中路径优化所需要考虑的准时制、货损等因素进行相关研究,建立起一个总成本最低、充分保证生鲜产品的新鲜度、准时性以及货损较小的生鲜产品物流配送路径优化模型。最后以天津市某生鲜企业为实例,对相关数据进行分析,利用遗传算法进行求解,从而求得天津市某生鲜企业物流配送路径优化后,最低成本和最优的车辆调度方案。优化后的天津市某生鲜企业生鲜产品配送方案与原配送方案相比,行驶距离减少,生鲜产品配送过程中的成本降低,配送车辆减少,固定成本降低,准时性大大提高,同时因为没有准时到达而产生的惩罚成本也降低了。另一方面,经过优化后的配送方案配送效率提高,配送过程中的利润随之提高。优化后的相关结果显示了所建立的模型及所利用的算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the development of the Internet has gradually tended to mature, online shopping has begun to become an indispensable part of people's daily life, and domestic e-commerce has gained rapid development. In recent years, China's e-commerce transactions have maintained a rapid growth momentum. Under the situation of the rapid development of electronic commerce, the e-commerce of fresh products emerges as the times require, the electronic commerce of fresh products develops rapidly, and the market scale is huge. However, so far, There are almost no e-commerce businesses that rely solely on e-commerce to open the profit model of fresh products. One reason is that they rely on orders for fresh products as the source of their survival. Second, because fresh products have higher requirements for product freshness and time, most of them use cold chain distribution. Cold chain distribution requires higher and more complex distribution requirements than general logistics products, and a large amount of capital needs to be invested in the early stage. The third reason is that fresh products are more easily damaged than other products, they must be added and protected by special packaging, and need to be supplemented by special external packaging. This paper focuses on the punctual system and the damage factors in the process of logistics distribution, and constructs the optimization model of logistics distribution path of fresh products, in order to further ensure that the distribution process of fresh products can be on time on the basis of reducing the total cost. The damage is smaller and more efficient in the case of completion. The paper firstly discusses the concept of fresh product in electronic commerce environment, then analyzes the logistics distribution system of fresh product, and then expounds the main mode of fresh product in logistics distribution. The deficiency of fresh product in logistics distribution is pointed out. In order to establish the lowest total cost and ensure the freshness of fresh products, the just-in-time, damage and other factors that need to be considered in the process of route optimization of fresh products are studied in order to ensure the freshness of fresh products. The logistics distribution route optimization model of fresh products with punctuality and less damage. Finally, taking a fresh enterprise in Tianjin as an example, the relevant data are analyzed and solved by genetic algorithm, so as to obtain the lowest cost and the optimal vehicle scheduling scheme after the logistics distribution route optimization of a fresh enterprise in Tianjin. Compared with the original distribution scheme, the optimized fresh product distribution scheme of a Tianjin fresh enterprise reduces the driving distance, reduces the cost in the distribution process of fresh product, reduces the distribution vehicle, reduces the fixed cost, and improves the punctuality greatly. The cost of punishment for not arriving on time has also been reduced. On the other hand, the efficiency of the optimized distribution scheme is improved, and the profit in the distribution process increases. The optimized results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and the algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F724.6;F326.6

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