吉林省农业碳排放特征及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-06-24 20:23

本文选题：吉林省 + 农业碳排放　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：吉林省作为我国的农业大省及重要的商品粮生产基地,在我国的农业生产中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来,吉林省的农业生产得到了进一步推动提升,而每年因农业活动所产生的碳排放量也是不断增加。因此,研究吉林省农业碳排放时空特征及驱动机理,构建农业碳减排政策体系,对于吉林省“十三·五”及2020年减排目标的实现、可持续发展状况及生态省建设,具有重要的战略意义和现实作用。本文基于农业物质资料投入和农业生产过程中的化肥、农药、农膜、农用柴油、翻耕和灌溉6个方面的碳源,通过查阅文献、统计分析、经验借鉴及实地调研等研究途径,重点测算了吉林省1990年-2013年及各市州2013年的农业碳排放量和碳排放强度,分析了吉林省农业碳排放的时空特征与驱动因素,提出了促进农业碳减排的政策与建议。取得的主要研究结果概要如下:1.2013年,吉林省农用地总面积1639.30×104hm2,耕地面积700.07×104hm2,主要分布在长春和松原。吉林省农地生态环境污染,主要表现为化肥施用量过高,增幅达1.56倍;农药施用量增加了6.11倍;农用地膜的使用量增加了1.75倍;此外,农业机械使用、作物秸秆焚烧和农业灌溉所导致的生态环境压力也日益增加,分别增加了3.33倍、0.75倍和2.10倍。2.自1990年以来吉林省农业碳排放处于阶段性的上升态势,总体上可分为波动增长期、缓慢增长期、波动下降期、增速明显放缓期等四个变化阶段。吉林省各市州农业碳排放总体上呈现中部高、东西低的特点。3.基于Kaya碳排放恒等式,对农业碳排放影响因素分解发现,1990-2013年相比基期,效率因素、结构因素分别累计贡献83.63%、25.54%的碳减排,农业经济、劳动力分别累计产生了183.13%、26.04%的碳增量。4.提出促进吉林省农业碳减排的政策建议主要有:制定低碳农业发展规划、加强政策、财政的扶持引导作用、树立低碳农业意识、突出农业生产方式转变、集约高效利用农业资源、促进农业碳减排技术研发和应用等6个方面。同时,针对吉林省不同区域的自然资源特点及农业碳排放状况,提出了相应的减排建议。
[Abstract]:As a big agricultural province and an important commodity grain production base, Jilin Province plays an important role in China's agricultural production. In recent years, agricultural production in Jilin Province has been further promoted, and the annual carbon emissions from agricultural activities are also increasing. Therefore, the spatio-temporal characteristics and driving mechanism of agricultural carbon emissions in Jilin Province are studied, and the policy system of carbon emission reduction in agriculture is constructed. The sustainable development situation and ecological province construction of Jilin Province for the realization of the 13th Five-Year Plan and 2020 emission reduction target are studied. Has the important strategic significance and the realistic function. Based on the input of agricultural material data and carbon sources of chemical fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film, agrodiesel oil, ploughing and irrigation in the course of agricultural production, through consulting literature, statistical analysis, experience reference and field investigation, etc. The agricultural carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity in Jilin Province from 1990 to 2013 and in various cities and prefectures were calculated emphatically. The spatio-temporal characteristics and driving factors of agricultural carbon emissions in Jilin Province were analyzed. The policies and suggestions for promoting agricultural carbon emission reduction were put forward. The main results are summarized as follows: 1. In 2013, the total area of agricultural land in Jilin Province was 1639.30 脳 10 4 hm 2, and the cultivated land area was 700.07 脳 10 4 hm 2, mainly distributed in Changchun and Songyuan. The ecological environment pollution of agricultural land in Jilin Province is mainly manifested in the excessive application of chemical fertilizer, the increase of 1.56 times, the increase of 6.11 times in the application of pesticides, the 1.75 times increase in the use of agricultural mulching film, and the use of agricultural machinery. The ecological pressure caused by crop straw burning and agricultural irrigation also increased by 3.33 times 0.75 times and 2.10 times .2. respectively. Since 1990, agricultural carbon emissions in Jilin Province have been in a phase of increase, which can be divided into four stages: fluctuation growth period, slow growth period, fluctuating and decreasing period, and obvious slowing down period. The agricultural carbon emissions of Jilin Province's cities and prefectures are generally high in the middle and low in the east and west. Based on the Kaya carbon emission identity, it is found that the factors affecting agricultural carbon emissions decomposed from 1990 to 2013 contribute 83.63% 25.54% of carbon emission reduction respectively to efficiency factors and structure factors. The agricultural economy and labor force have produced a cumulative carbon increment of 18.3.13% 26.04% respectively. The policy suggestions for promoting carbon emission reduction in agriculture in Jilin Province are as follows: to formulate a low-carbon agriculture development plan, to strengthen policies, to support and guide the finance, to establish a low carbon agricultural consciousness and to highlight the transformation of agricultural production mode. Intensive and efficient use of agricultural resources to promote agricultural carbon emission reduction technology research and development and application of 6 aspects. At the same time, according to the characteristics of natural resources and agricultural carbon emissions in different regions of Jilin Province, the corresponding emission reduction suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S181;F327

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