兵团第五师林地利用与保护问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 00:43

本文选题：兵团第五师 + 林地　；参考：《石河子大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新疆生产建设兵团第五师地处我国的西北边陲的博尔塔拉蒙古自治州境内,位于准格尔盆地的西缘。其北部、西部均与哈萨克斯坦国家接壤,边境线达330km,向东到达古尔图河西侧,不仅与塔城地区相连,与乌苏市也相连,向南到达婆罗科努山北麓。地理坐标为东经79°52′30″~83°41′07″、北纬44°21′34″~45°14′45″。垦区长315km,宽125km,其土地面积为3983平方千米。博乐市是新疆生产建设兵团第五师师部所在地,位于新疆维吾尔自治区西北部,艾比湖西,天山西段北麓,准噶尔盆地西南部。兵团五师三面均有山的状态,呈现出西面高,东部低的现象,有一个稍微倾斜的缓缓的坡度的地势。南北的两面为山地,而其中部是博尔塔的谷底,其东部是艾比湖盆地的这样的地貌单元。在这几年,在建设退耕还林与退耕还草等生态工程中,第五师制造了较多的人工植被,使其具有38.1%的林草覆盖率,也有效的改善了其基础的生态绿化环境条件。由于人口的增长,社会经济也在发展,则第五师的发展进程中,出现了急切需要大面积的土地,也需要对林地进行保护,因此,在这种形式下,对兵团五师林地保护与利用进行了研究,得到以下主要结果:(1)兵团第五师全师的土地面积总的为300810.59公顷,其中林地面积为36039.59公顷,占地土地总面积的比例为11.98%;非林地面积为264771公顷,达到土地总面积的比例为88.02%。五师林地面积中,有林地5361.04 hm2,疏林地1648.81 hm2,灌木林地25856.59 hm2,未成林地2499.28hm2,苗圃地6.16 hm2,无立木林地130.23 hm2,宜林地537.48 hm2,分别占全师林地总面积的14.88%、4.57%、71.75%、6.93%、0.02%、0.36%和1.49%。林地使用权均为国有。(2)林地面积具有一定的扩张潜力是其第五师林地保护利用的特点;有林地面积比例相对较小;有比例大的面积的是未成林的造林,这使其有较高的空间可以提升的是林木绿化率;生态公益林比例合理;空间大、效益明显、发展空间是退耕还林工程建设中的特点;林业产业的发展潜力大。有林地面积的比例有所降低,其占比仅为14.88%。灌木林地的占比是71.74%,全师林地生产率依然处于低效状态,林地生产率、森林质量提高仍有较大空间,认为较重的是抚育、低产的改造,较差的生态工程规划的可操作性;工程的经费投入不足;不力的科技支持、不足的现有科技成果储备与转化问题。(3)根据兵团五师地理、气候等自然环境条件和国家、兵团的法律法规及社会经济总体发展纲要,五师林地面积到2020年总量维38183.92hm2。其中,生态公益林地232995.9hm2,商品林地41072hm2。林地的面积一直处于一个动态平衡之中。到2020年的时候,应该增加2482.37公顷的森林面积,有3.37万公顷的森林保有量。(4)2005-2020年,第五师现有公益林地35081.19hm2,规划到2020年达到35081.19hm2不变。其中,有19660.04公顷的属于国家级的公益林地,而公益林地的现状到2020年将不发生变化,仍为15421.15公顷。
[Abstract]:The Fifth Division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps is located in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest border of China, located in the western margin of Zhunger Basin. Its northern and western borders with Kazakhstan, the border line up to 330 km, eastward to the western side of the Gultu River, not only with the Tacheng area, and also connected with the city of Ursu, south to the northern foothills of Borneo Konu. The geographical coordinates are 79 掳52N "83 掳41" E and 44 掳21C 34 "45 掳1445" N. Reclamation area 315 km long, 125 km wide, its land area is 3983 square kilometers. Bole is the headquarters of the Fifth Division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, located in northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, west of Ebinur Lake, north of Tianshan Mountain, southwest of Junggar Basin. The fifth division of the regiment had mountains on all three sides, high in the west and low in the east, with a slightly sloping, slowly sloping terrain. The north-south side is mountainous, the central part is the bottom of the Borta valley, and the eastern part is such a geomorphological unit of the Ebinur Basin. In recent years, in the construction of ecological projects such as returning cropland to forest and returning farmland to grass, the Fifth Division has created more artificial vegetation, making it have 38.1% coverage of forest and grass, and has also effectively improved its basic ecological greening environment conditions. As a result of population growth and social and economic development, in the course of development of the Fifth Division, there is an urgent need for large areas of land and for forest land to be protected. Therefore, in this form, The main results are as follows: (1) the total land area of the whole Division of the Fifth Division of the Corps is 300810.59 hectares, of which the forest land area is 36039.59 hectares. The proportion of the total land area is 11.98 and that of the non-forest land is 264771 hectares, the proportion of which reaches the total land area is 88.02. Among the forestland area of the Fifth Division, there are 5361.04 hm2for woodland, 1648.81 hm2for open forest land, 25856.59 hm2for shrub land, 2499.28hm2for uncompleted woodland, 6.16hm2for nursery land, 130.23 hm2for non-stand woodland, 537.48 hm2for suitable woodland, accounting for 14.884.5771.756.93m2.It accounts for 0.36% and 1.49hm2 of the total forest area of the whole division, respectively. The use right of woodland is all state-owned. (2) the forest land area has certain expansion potential is the characteristic of forest land protection and utilization, the proportion of forestland area is relatively small, the proportion of forestland area is relatively small, and the forestland area with large proportion is unforested afforestation. This makes it have higher space to promote the green rate of trees; the proportion of ecological public welfare forest is reasonable; the space is large, the benefit is obvious, and the development space is the characteristic in the construction of the project of returning farmland to forest; the development potential of forestry industry is great. The proportion of forestland area decreased to 14.88. The proportion of shrub land is 71.74. The productivity of forest land is still in low efficiency. There is still much room for the improvement of forest productivity and forest quality. It is considered that the heavier ones are tending, low yield transformation and poor maneuverability of ecological engineering planning. Insufficient investment in project funds, inadequate scientific and technological support, insufficient storage and transformation of existing scientific and technological achievements. (3) according to the natural environment conditions, such as geography, climate, and other natural environment conditions of the Fifth Division of the Corps and the state, the laws and regulations of the Corps and the overall outline of social and economic development, The total area of forestland in the Fifth Division is 38183.92 hm2.The total area of forestland is 38183.92hm2. Among them, the ecological public welfare forest land is 232995.9hm2and the commercial forest land is 41072hm2. The area of woodland has been in a dynamic balance. By 2020, 2482.37 hectares of forest area should be increased, with 33700 hectares of forest reserves. (4) from 2005 to 2020, the Fifth Division's existing public forest land will be 35081.19hm2, and the plan will reach the 35081.19hm2 level by 2020. Among them, 19660.04 hectares belong to the national public welfare forest land, and the status quo of the public welfare forest land will not change until 2020, still 15421.15 hectares.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.2

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