邯郸市农业科技服务的供求均衡问题研究分析

发布时间：2018-07-17 00:35

【摘要】：农业科技服务是农村公共品的一种,其从性质上讲,具有公共品的非排他性和非竞争性的属性。有助于农户提高农田的作业效率,降低农户的生产成本,为农户增收创收带来便利。因此,农业推广工作在农村的经济发展建设中具有举足轻重的作用。然而,目前我国农业科技服务所面临的最大的问题就是在供求上存在着严重的不均衡。一方面,由于农业科技服务的投入主体比较单一,过分的依赖于政府的资助,而政府对农业推广方面的财政资金投入不足,管理体制不完善等,而造成了在数量上、质量上和结构上存在着不足。另一方面,随着经济的发展和科学技术的进步,农民对于农业科技服务的需求要求越来越高,逐步从过去的数量上的需求,转变为质量上的优质化需求。因此,本文以河北省邯郸市为例,对农业科技服务的供求均衡问题进行研究,通过研究农业科技服务供给需求的现状、来找出问题,最后给予指导性建议。这三个环节是本文研究重点。本文首先在前人的基础上,总结出经验,归纳出问题。其次,通过一些基础的理论知识掌握和分析,认识农业推广的框架体系。最后通过调研来采集数据,并用计量经济学的知识进行实证性的分析。最后,把理论知识和实践调研有机结合,提出改善农业科技服务失衡的政策性发展建议。本文笔者首先阐述了农业科技服务的基本定义,从概念上把农业科技服务划分到了公共品的属性,概述了农业科技服务的需求动机、特征以及影响因素。并对农业科技服务的供求均衡条件进行了研究分析。之后以河北省邯郸市为例,采用抽样调查的形式对农业科技服务的供需情况进行了实证性分析,从需求的角度和农户的支付意愿程度研究了邯郸市农业科技服务的供需情况。得出了邯郸市农业科技服务需求多元化、供给效用低水平化以及供给模式单一化的结果。笔者认为造成这种结果出现的原因首先是因为农户缺少一个合理有效的农业科技服务需求表达机制。其次,各级政府对于农业推广工作的资金投入不足并且管理体制不顺。针对上述实证性分析,作者提出了政府应当采取多元化的供给模式来解决农业科技服务供需失衡的问题,并借鉴宏观经济学中的三部门经济来对邯郸市农业科技服务进行全面分析。
[Abstract]:Agricultural science and technology service is a kind of rural public goods, which, by its nature, has the non-exclusive and non-competitive nature of public goods. It is helpful for farmers to improve the efficiency of farmland operation, reduce the production cost of farmers, and bring convenience for farmers to increase income and income. Therefore, the agricultural extension work in the rural economic development has a pivotal role. However, the biggest problem in agricultural science and technology service is the serious imbalance between supply and demand. On the one hand, because the main input of agricultural science and technology services is relatively single, the government is excessively dependent on government funding, and the government has insufficient financial investment in agricultural extension, the management system is not perfect, and so on, which has resulted in the quantity. There are shortcomings in quality and structure. On the other hand, with the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, farmers' demand for agricultural science and technology service is higher and higher. Therefore, taking Handan City of Hebei Province as an example, this paper studies the equilibrium of supply and demand of agricultural science and technology service, and finds out the problem by studying the current situation of supply and demand of agricultural science and technology service, and finally gives some guiding suggestions. These three links are the focus of this paper. In this paper, first of all, on the basis of previous experience, summed up the problem. Secondly, through some basic theoretical knowledge grasp and analysis, understand the framework system of agricultural extension. Finally, the data are collected through investigation, and the econometric knowledge is applied to the empirical analysis. Finally, combining theoretical knowledge with practical investigation, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the imbalance of agricultural science and technology service. In this paper, the author first expounds the basic definition of agricultural science and technology service, classifies agricultural science and technology service into the attribute of public goods from the concept, and summarizes the demand motive, characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural science and technology service. The equilibrium condition of supply and demand of agricultural science and technology service is studied and analyzed. Then taking Handan City of Hebei Province as an example, the supply and demand situation of agricultural science and technology service is analyzed by sampling survey, and the supply and demand situation of agricultural science and technology service in Handan city is studied from the point of view of demand and farmers' willingness to pay. The results show that the demand for agricultural science and technology service in Handan is diversified, the supply utility is low and the supply mode is single. The author believes that the first reason for this result is that farmers lack a reasonable and effective mechanism to express the demand for agricultural science and technology services. Second, governments at all levels of the agricultural extension of inadequate investment and management system. In view of the above empirical analysis, the author puts forward that the government should adopt a diversified supply mode to solve the imbalance between supply and demand of agricultural science and technology services. And draw lessons from the three-sector economy in macroeconomics to carry on the comprehensive analysis to Handan city agricultural science and technology service.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.3

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