河南省农村居民消费结构的影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 11:47

【摘要】：改革开放近四十年来,伴随着河南省经济总量的快速增长和发展质量的不断提高,我省农村的变化也是日新月异,尤其是农村居民生活质量明显改善、生活档次明显提高,我省农村居民的日常生活消费结构也在悄然发生着变化,当前我省农民的消费结构已经逐步由以基本的生存资料为主开始向较高层次的消费品转变。正确把握农村居民消费结构,将有利于推动消费结构和产业结构更加协调优化发展。农村和农民消费结构的合理与否日益成为影响我省经济发展的一个重要因素。目前农村和农民消费结构仍受到诸多因素的制约和影响。首先,最显著最直接因素是农民的收入问题,由于农村的基础条件比较落后,导致农民收入水平过低,而且不同地区的农民的收入差距较大,过低的收入和收入差距在一定程度上制约了农村消费的发展进而影响到消费结构的优化。其次,消费品的价格和产业结构对消费结构也有影响。消费品的价格决定消费的需求,价格上涨需求下降,价格下跌需求增加,进而影响到消费结构的变化。产业结构的变动会带动消费结构的变动,变动的速度和规模以及周期也会随之发生改变,如果产业结构在变动过程中受阻,将直接影响到消费结构的发展变化。再者,农民的自身一些因素也在某种程度上制约着消费结构的合理发展,同时农民的受教育程度也在影响着消费结构,受过高等教育的人群更容懂得去消费更容易带动消费,而没有受过高等教育的人在消费上比较盲目容易造成消费结构的不合理。第四,由于的相关政策的不健全使农民在消费方面还有所顾虑,比如子女教育、养老和就医问题,这些因素给农民的生产和生活带来很大负担,间接的制约了农村的消费发展进而影响到消费结构的合理发展。针对这些影响农民消费结构的因素,本文在结合相关理论的基础上,通过对不同收入组做ELES模型分析,并从以下几个方面入手:首先,提高农民收入,缩小收入差距是优化农村消费结构的根本和关键,其次,要稳定市场价格,调整产业结构和流通渠道,这是优化农村消费结构的保障;再者,要致力于更新农民的消费观念,从而丰富农村精神文化生活,优化农民的消费结构;第四,应该从政府的政策角度入手,完善与农民有关的社会社会保障体系,改善农民的消费和生活环境,从而推动农村消费结构不断提升。
[Abstract]:During the past 40 years of reform and opening up, with the rapid growth of the total economic volume and the continuous improvement of the quality of development in Henan Province, the changes in the rural areas of our province have been changing with each passing day, especially the remarkable improvement in the quality of life and the standard of living of the rural residents. The daily life consumption structure of rural residents in our province is also quietly changing. At present, the consumption structure of farmers in our province has gradually begun to change from the basic living materials to the higher level consumer goods. Correctly grasping the consumption structure of rural residents will help to promote more harmonious and optimized development of consumption structure and industrial structure. Whether the consumption structure of rural areas and farmers is reasonable or not has increasingly become an important factor affecting the economic development of our province. At present, the consumption structure of rural areas and farmers is still restricted and influenced by many factors. First of all, the most significant and direct factor is the problem of farmers' income. Because the basic conditions in rural areas are relatively backward, the level of farmers' income is too low, and the income gap among farmers in different regions is large. Too low income and income gap restrict the development of rural consumption to some extent and then affect the optimization of consumption structure. Secondly, the price of consumer goods and industrial structure also have an impact on the consumption structure. The price of consumer goods determines the demand of consumption, the demand of rising price decreases and the demand of falling price increases, which in turn affects the change of consumption structure. The change of industrial structure will lead to the change of consumption structure, and the speed, scale and cycle of the change will also change. If the industrial structure is blocked in the process of change, it will directly affect the development and change of consumption structure. Moreover, some factors of farmers themselves also restrict the rational development of the consumption structure to some extent. At the same time, the education level of the peasants is also affecting the consumption structure, and the people with higher education are more tolerant to understand how to consume, and it is easier to drive consumption. But the person with no higher education is more blind in the consumption easily causes the consumption structure unreasonable. Fourth, because of the imperfection of the relevant policies, farmers still have concerns about their consumption, such as the education of their children, old-age care and medical care. These factors bring a great burden to farmers' production and daily life. Indirectly restricted the development of rural consumption and then affected the rational development of consumption structure. In view of these factors affecting farmers' consumption structure, based on the relevant theories, this paper analyzes the Eles model of different income groups, and starts from the following aspects: first, improve farmers' income, Narrowing the income gap is the fundamental and key to optimizing the rural consumption structure. Secondly, it is necessary to stabilize the market price, adjust the industrial structure and circulation channels, which is the guarantee to optimize the rural consumption structure. In order to enrich the spiritual and cultural life in rural areas and optimize the consumption structure of farmers, fourth, we should start with the government's policy, improve the social security system related to farmers, and improve the consumption and living environment of farmers. So as to promote the rural consumption structure continues to improve.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

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