当代中国家庭农场问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 12:09

【摘要】：中国自古以来是一个农业大国。农业是我国国民经济的基础,党和国家一直十分重视“三农”问题的解决。改革开放后,我们党根据基本国情确立了以家庭承包经营为基础,统分结合的双层经营体制。这项制度的确立对我国农业生产关系进行了调整,进一步解放和发展了生产力。然而,随着我国社会主义市场经济的不断发展,家庭承包责任制逐渐暴露出一些缺陷：一家一户分散经营的模式造成“小农户、大市场”之间的问题凸显。为此,要想农户与市场之间的问题得到有效解决,就必须转变农业生产经营方式,建立新型农业生产经营主体,走中国特色农业现代化道路。家庭农场作为一种新型农业经营主体,是在生产实践中由广大劳动人民创造的,他一方面能够有效地克服分散经营带来的困难；另一方面,他能够解放和发展农业生产力,促进农业又好又快发展。但是事物的发展过程总是漫长曲折的,受历史上传统的小农经济思想以及我国的现实国情影响,家庭农场在我国的发展困难重重。因此,本文对发达国家发展家庭农场的经验进行了总结,在分析我国家庭农场发展现状及其在发展过程中出现的问题基础上,提出解决对策。本文共有四部分；引言。这部分主要是从总体上说明本文的研究背景和意义,目前国内外专家学者对此问题研究的现状以及本文采用的研究方法。第一部分,家庭农场相关问题概述。这部分集中就家庭农场的相关问题进行了系统的说明,并通过将家庭农场与其他几种农业经营方式的比较,指出了家庭农场的发展优势以及在我国培育和发展家庭农场的重要意义。第二部分,发达国家发展家庭农场的经验及对我国的启示。这部分主要介绍了美、法、日三国在发展家庭农场的过程中各自的经验,分析了他们之间的共性,明确指出了我国在发展家庭农场过程中需要学习和借鉴的地方。第三部分,我国家庭农场发展现状及存在的问题。这部分集中论述了目前家庭农场在我国发展的实际情况,指出了家庭农场发展过程中暴露的问题。第四部分,我国发展家庭农场应坚持的基本原则和解决存在问题的对策建议。这部分主要说明家庭农场发展过程中必须坚持的基本原则,在总结国内外家庭农场发展经验的基础上,针对我国的特殊国情,提出了促进我国家庭农场又好又快发展的几点建议。
[Abstract]:China has been an agricultural country since ancient times. Agriculture is the foundation of our national economy, the Party and the country have always attached great importance to the "three rural" problem. After the reform and opening up, our Party has established a double-level management system based on the family contract management. The establishment of this system readjusts our agricultural relations of production and further liberates and develops the productive forces. However, with the continuous development of the socialist market economy in our country, the family contract responsibility system has gradually exposed some defects: the "small peasant household, large market" problem is highlighted because of the pattern of decentralized management of one household. Therefore, in order to solve the problems between farmers and market effectively, we must change the mode of agricultural production and management, establish a new type of agricultural production and management main body, and take the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. As a new type of agricultural management subject, the family farm was created by the working people in production practice. On the one hand, it can effectively overcome the difficulties brought about by decentralized management; on the other hand, it can liberate and develop agricultural productive forces. Promote the sound and rapid development of agriculture. However, the development process of things is always long and tortuous. Influenced by the traditional thought of small-scale peasant economy in history and the actual situation of our country, the development of family farm in our country is very difficult. Therefore, this paper summarizes the experience of developing family farms in developed countries, and puts forward some countermeasures on the basis of analyzing the present situation of family farms in China and the problems in the process of development. This article has four parts; introduction. This part mainly explains the research background and significance of this paper, the current situation of domestic and foreign experts and scholars on this issue and the research methods adopted in this paper. The first part is an overview of family farm related problems. This part focuses on the systematic explanation of family farm issues, and compares family farms with several other forms of agricultural management. The development advantage of family farm and the significance of cultivating and developing family farm in China are pointed out. The second part, the experience of developing family farm in developed countries and its enlightenment to our country. This part mainly introduces the experiences of the United States, France and Japan in the process of developing family farms, analyzes the commonness among them, and points out the points that need to be learned and used for reference in the process of developing family farms in China. The third part, the present situation and existing problems of family farm development in China. This part focuses on the actual situation of the family farm development in our country and points out the problems exposed in the family farm development process. In the fourth part, the basic principles and countermeasures to solve the problems in the development of family farms in China are discussed. This part mainly explains the basic principles that must be adhered to in the process of family farm development. On the basis of summing up the experience of family farm development at home and abroad, it aims at the special national conditions of our country. Some suggestions are put forward to promote the development of family farms in China.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F324.1

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