基于SWAT模型的锦绣川流域土地利用和覆被变化的水文响应分析

发布时间：2018-07-25 21:03

【摘要】：为了解决济南锦绣川流域土地利用变化显著的问题,保护济南泉水的重要补给区,研究流域土地利用和覆被变化的水文响应,构建建立SWAT模型所需的流域的土地利用数据库、土壤数据库以及2006—2012年的水文气象数据库,利用SWAT模型模拟流域径流过程并率定模型参数;通过遥感影像分析1988、1996、2002、2009、2014年夏季的系列土地利用和覆被变化,利用率定后的模型模拟降水条件相同而下垫面条件不同时的流域径流过程,定性评价流域土地利用和覆被变化的水文响应,并分析其影响因素。结果表明:SWAT模型可以较好地模拟研究区的径流过程,具有较强的适用性;土地利用变化会引起流域年径流总量与年内流量过程的变化,1988—2002年及2002—2014年流域地表径流分别增加了0.92%、0.66%;水体、道路、居民点用地面积大幅增加与草地面积减少是流域径流变化的主要原因。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of significant land use change in Jinxiu River Basin of Jinan, to protect the important recharge area of Jinan spring water, to study the hydrological response of land use and cover change in the basin, and to construct the land use database of the basin needed to establish SWAT model. The soil database and hydrometeorological database from 2006 to 2012 were used to simulate the runoff process and the model parameters were determined by using SWAT model, and the land use and cover changes in summer of 2014 were analyzed by remote sensing images. The model with constant utilization ratio simulates the runoff process with the same precipitation condition and different underlying surface conditions, evaluates the hydrological response of land use and cover change in the watershed qualitatively, and analyzes its influencing factors. The results show that the SWAT model can well simulate the runoff process in the study area and has strong applicability. Land use change will cause the change of the total annual runoff and the annual runoff process in the watershed. From 1988 to 2002 and from 2002 to 2014, the surface runoff of the basin increased by 0.92 ~ 0.66, respectively. The large increase of residential land area and the decrease of grassland area are the main reasons of runoff change.
【作者单位】：济南大学资源与环境学院;山东省水利工程总公司;济南市锦绣川水库管理处;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划子课题(2015BAD20B02-05) 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2012DL08) 济南市社会民生重大专项项目(SHMS2015-3-01)
【分类号】：F301.2;P333

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