新制度经济学视角下山西省与江苏省土地流转差异分析

发布时间：2018-07-26 17:31

【摘要】：当前我国正紧紧围绕农业供给侧结构性改革这条主线,加快农村改革步伐,加大结构调整力度。土地流转为主的农村改革是最基本,也是尤为重要的问题,因此土地流转问题的研究变得极为重要。近年来,山西省与江苏省对土地流转的发展都特别重视,土地流转对于推进山西省与江苏省农村经济的发展都起到了一定作用,然而两省土地流转的发展是存在一定差异的。研究山西省与江苏省土地流转存在的差异,并从新制度经济学角度分析二者差异存在的原因,明确二者发展中存在的问题并总结经验模式,对于推动山西省与江苏省土地流转的合理有序发展具有重要意义。本文首先从制度变迁的角度,运用历史分析法,梳理了山西省与江苏省土地流转制度变迁演进中的不同,从政策制度方面分析两省土地流转存在的差异。其次,用比较分析的方法,分别从土地流转的规模、土地流转的模式、及土地流转的流向三个角度,分析两省土地流转中存在的差异。再次,运用新制度经济学的产权理论和交易费用理论分析两省土地流转存在差异的原因,最后对两省土地流转的发展提出政策建议,促进两省土地流转的合理、有序、健康、快速发展。本文研究得出以下三个结论:第一,山西省与江苏省土地流转虽然存在差异,但是都在向前推进,且山西省由于土地流转发生率相对较低,具有很大的发展潜力,江苏省则应探索更加适合土地流转发展的模式,推动土地流转更高效发展。两省发展中仍然存在一些共同的问题,需要一起应对,如产权的安全性、稳定性、土地流转的市场化机制以及政府完善相关职能等等。第二,产权是否清晰,是否稳定,是否完善,会影响到土地交易的成本,影响农民的积极性,影响到土地资源的合理有效配置。而交易费用的高低会影响到农地供求数量和价格,从而影响人们流转土地的意愿和土地流转的进展。山西省与江苏省土地流转发展之所以存在差异,也正是由于产权界定和交易费用方面存在差异。第三,土地制度变迁存在一定的路径依赖,过去制度的选择可能会影响到现在。一般而言,诱致性制度变迁由于受经济社会发展需要的影响,更有利于土地流转的发展。本文的创新之处主要有两点,第一,从制度变迁的视角分析山西省与江苏省的土地制度变迁过程及特征,并用新制度经济学的产权理论和交易费用理论对两省土地流转差异存在的原因做出分析。第二,突破以往研究在一个省内比较分析土地流转差异的局限,选取山西省与土地流转发展水平较高的江苏省,分析二者的差异,研究对象较为新颖。论文的不足在于,在运用交易费用理论分析两省土地流转差异时,没有构建一个量化的模型,只是做了理论和事例上的分析,欠缺一定的数据支撑。今后仍需在土地流转交易费用的模型化上做深入的研究,从而更加直观地表现交易费用的高低。
[Abstract]:At present, China is focusing on the main line of agricultural supply-side structural reform, speeding up the pace of rural reform and strengthening structural adjustment. Rural reform based on land circulation is the most basic and especially important issue, so the study of land circulation becomes extremely important. In recent years, both Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province have attached great importance to the development of land circulation. Land circulation has played a certain role in promoting the development of rural economy in Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province. However, there are some differences between the two provinces in the development of land circulation. This paper studies the differences between Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province in land circulation, analyzes the causes of the differences from the perspective of new institutional economics, clarifies the problems existing in the development of the two, and sums up the empirical models. It is of great significance to promote the rational and orderly development of land circulation in Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province. This paper first from the perspective of institutional changes, the use of historical analysis, combing Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province land transfer system changes in the evolution of differences, from the policy and institutional aspects of land transfer between the two provinces analysis of differences. Secondly, using the method of comparative analysis, from the scale of land circulation, the mode of land circulation, and the flow direction of land circulation, the paper analyzes the differences in land circulation between the two provinces. Thirdly, using the property right theory and transaction cost theory of the new institutional economics to analyze the reasons of the difference in land circulation between the two provinces, and finally put forward some policy suggestions on the development of land circulation between the two provinces, so as to promote the rational, orderly and healthy land circulation between the two provinces. Rapid development. This paper draws the following three conclusions: first, although there are differences in land circulation between Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province, both of them are advancing forward, and Shanxi Province has great development potential because of the relatively low incidence of land circulation. Jiangsu Province should explore a more suitable land circulation development model, promote more efficient development of land circulation. There are still some common problems in the development of the two provinces, which need to be dealt with together, such as the security of property rights, the stability, the market-oriented mechanism of land circulation and the improvement of the relevant functions of the government and so on. Secondly, whether the property right is clear, stable and perfect will affect the cost of land transaction, the enthusiasm of farmers and the rational and effective allocation of land resources. The transaction cost will affect the quantity and price of land supply and demand, thus affect people's willingness to transfer land and the progress of land transfer. The difference of land circulation development between Shanxi province and Jiangsu Province is due to the difference of property right definition and transaction cost. Third, there is a certain path dependence on the land institutional changes, and the past institutional choice may affect the present. Generally speaking, the induced institutional change is more favorable to the development of land circulation because of the influence of economic and social development. There are two main innovations in this paper. First, it analyzes the process and characteristics of land institutional change in Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province from the perspective of institutional change. Using the property right theory and transaction cost theory of the new institutional economics to analyze the reasons of the difference in land circulation between the two provinces. Second, break through the limitations of previous studies in a province to compare and analyze the differences in land circulation, select Shanxi Province and Jiangsu Province with a high level of land circulation development, analyze the differences between the two, the research object is relatively novel. The deficiency of this paper is that when we use transaction cost theory to analyze the difference of land circulation between two provinces, we do not build a quantitative model, but do theoretical and case analysis, which is lack of certain data support. In order to show the transaction cost more intuitively, it is necessary to do further research on the modeling of land transaction cost in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F321.1

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