新型城镇化背景下的农民发展问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 08:59

【摘要】：从我国城镇化的发展战略的实施,到提出新型城镇化,这一过程中城镇化的科学内涵不断完善,更加强调城镇化与工业化、信息化和农业现代化的相互联系,同时对发展的认识不断深化,新型城镇化更加注重人的发展,本文立足于新型城镇化推进的大背景,着眼于在城镇化进程中的农民发展问题,对我国农民在这一阶段的的职业分化和群体分化进行深入分析,抓住了分化后的两大主线--非农化和农化,从思想观念、文化素质、职业意识等方面为实现两大群体农民更好地发展以及进一步促进新型城镇化进程的推进提出了意见和建议。新型城镇化的本质就是要促进农村人口实现生产方式和生活方式的历史性的转变。新型城镇化进程的推进也是解决“三农”问题,实现我国农村现代化,促进区域协调、可持续发展的有效途径,新型城镇化最终是要实现人的城镇化,也就是要实现农民发展。一方面,新型城镇化为农民更好的实现发展创造了良好的外部条件,有助于提高农民的思想素质和文化素质,另一方面农民发展能力和素质的提高又对加快新型城镇化的进程产生了积极的推动作用。改革开放以来随着城镇化进程的加快,我国农民职业分化程度不断加深,呈现就业领域多元化趋势,但是农民就业层次较低,农民的社会地位难以提高;工作和生活的流动性不利于其稳定发展;农民兼业化与不彻底性突出,这种兼业性阻碍了农民职业发展和素质的提高,不彻底的分化没有明确“谁来种地”这一问题,不适合我国农业现代化的发展。同时,农民群体类别上已经分为非农化农民和农化农民两大群体,在新型城镇化和工业化这一大背景下,从农业和农村中转移出来的农民逐渐实现农民市民化,而继续从事农业生产的农民则转移为农业现代化需要的新型职业农民,实现农民市民化和培育新型职业农民是农民实现发展的两条主线,有利于加快推进我国新型城镇化和工业化建设,实现现代化进程。
[Abstract]:From the implementation of the development strategy of urbanization in our country to the proposal of new urbanization, the scientific connotation of urbanization has been continuously improved in the process, with more emphasis on the interrelationship between urbanization and industrialization, information technology and agricultural modernization. At the same time, the understanding of the development is deepening, the new type of urbanization pays more attention to the human development, this article is based on the background of the advancement of the new type of urbanization, focusing on the development of farmers in the process of urbanization. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the occupational and group differentiation of Chinese peasants in this stage, and grasps the two main lines of division, namely, non-agricultural and agricultural, from the perspective of ideology and cultural quality. Some suggestions and suggestions are put forward in order to realize the better development of the two groups of farmers and to further promote the process of new urbanization. The essence of new urbanization is to promote the rural population to realize the historic transformation of production mode and life style. The advancement of the new urbanization process is also an effective way to solve the problems of "three rural areas", to realize the modernization of rural areas, to promote regional coordination and sustainable development, and the new type urbanization is to realize the urbanization of human beings, that is, to realize the development of farmers. On the one hand, the new urbanization has created good external conditions for farmers to achieve better development, which is conducive to improving the ideological and cultural quality of farmers. On the other hand, the improvement of farmers' development ability and quality has played a positive role in accelerating the process of new-type urbanization. Since the reform and opening up, with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the degree of professional differentiation of farmers in China is deepening, showing a diversified trend in the employment field, but the level of employment of farmers is low, the social status of farmers is difficult to improve; The mobility of work and life is not conducive to the steady development of farmers, and the problem of "who is going to plant land" has not been clearly defined, and this nature of concurrent employment and non-thoroughness of peasants has hindered the development of their careers and the improvement of their quality, and the problem of "who is going to plant land" has not been clearly defined. It is not suitable for the development of agricultural modernization in China. At the same time, the peasant groups have been divided into two groups: non-agricultural farmers and agricultural farmers. Under the background of new urbanization and industrialization, the peasants who have been transferred from agriculture and rural areas have gradually realized the urbanization of farmers. However, the farmers who continue to engage in agricultural production are transferred to the new type of professional peasants who are needed for the modernization of agriculture. The two main lines for farmers to realize their development are to realize the urbanization of farmers and to cultivate new type of professional peasants. It is conducive to speeding up the development of new urbanization and industrialization in China and realizing the modernization process.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.6

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