桥梁连陆背景下的朱家尖岛土地利用变化及影响分析

发布时间：2018-08-09 13:46

【摘要】：交通条件的不足严重制约和限制海岛的发展,连陆跨海大桥的建设使得海岛与陆地紧密相连。由于交通条件的改善,海岛,特别是旅游型海岛的社会经济得到较快发展,但跨海大桥的建设对海岛土地利用变化的影响尚不明确。本研究根据舟山跨海大桥的建造时间节点,选取不同阶段的六期遥感影像,进行解译,获取研究区的土地利用数据进而生成土地利用分布图。在此基础上借助土地利用转移矩阵分析研究区土地利用变化特征以及其历史演变过程,使用相关性分析和主成分分析等方法研究土地利用变化的驱动力。借助中国陆地生态系统服务当量因子表以及其他相关方法研究朱家尖岛的生态系统服务价值的变化,以期为朱家尖岛的可持续健康发展提供科学支撑,同时为桥梁连陆型岛屿的土地开发利用提供相关借鉴。本研究主要结果如下:(1)朱家尖岛土地利用变化主要表现为建设用地面积增加以及耕地面积减少:1990-2015年研究区陆域面积增加693 hm2,建设用地和耕地是变化最为强烈的两种土地利用类型。其中,建设用地面积增加948 hm2(520%),耕地面积减少736hm2(39%),其余土地利用类型面积的变化相对较小,比较平稳。(2)朱家尖岛土地利用变化的主要驱动力是桥梁建设以及其引发的旅游经济:研究区土地利用变化主要驱动力是桥梁建设因子以及社会经济因子。第三产业从业人员数量、旅游人口数量、旅游业门票收入、乡镇企业实缴税金、工业总产值以及国民生产总值的因子载荷较高,是导致朱家尖岛土地利用变化的主要社会经济因子。朱家尖岛通过朱家尖海峡大桥以及舟山跨海大桥与外界进行沟通,独特的地理位置使得这两座大桥对朱家尖岛土地利用变化具有特殊的作用。朱家尖海峡大桥对建设用地的增长具有推动作用,舟山跨海大桥对旅游人口的增加具有明显的推动作用。桥梁建设因子通过这两种途径影响朱家尖岛的土地利用变化。(3)土地利用变化导致对生态系统服务价值贡献最大的功能从食物生产转变为娱乐文化功能:在整个研究时段内生态系统服务价值总量增加了 1484万元(6%)。各单项生态服务价值的贡献率也发生了变化。1990年食物生产功能的贡献率最大,为26%,2010年开始娱乐功能的贡献率占比最大,为22%,超过食物生产功能。2015年娱乐文化功能的占比持续增加。综上所述,1990-2015年朱家尖岛土地利用格局发生了很大变化,建设用地和耕地的变化最强烈。导致朱家尖岛土地利用变化的主要驱动力为社会经济因子以及桥梁建设因子。生态系统中沙滩的服务价值的贡献率变化最大,不同服务功能中娱乐文化的价值贡献率变化最大。
[Abstract]:The lack of traffic conditions seriously restricts and restricts the development of the islands. The construction of the bridge connecting the land and the sea makes the islands closely connected with the land. Because of the improvement of traffic conditions, the social economy of the islands, especially the tourist islands, has been developed rapidly, but the influence of the construction of the cross-sea bridge on the land use change of the islands is still unclear. According to the construction time node of Zhoushan cross-sea bridge, six stages of remote sensing images were selected and interpreted to obtain the land use data of the study area and then to generate the land use distribution map. On this basis, the characteristics of land use change and its historical evolution in the study area were analyzed by means of land use transfer matrix, and the driving force of land use change was studied by means of correlation analysis and principal component analysis. In order to provide scientific support for the sustainable and healthy development of Zhujiajian Island, the changes of ecosystem service value of Zhujiajian Island are studied by using the equivalent factor table of terrestrial ecosystem services in China and other relevant methods. At the same time, it provides relevant reference for the land development and utilization of the bridge connected land islands. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) the changes of land use in Zhujiajian Island are mainly reflected in the increase of construction land area and the decrease of cultivated land area between 1990 and 2015. The land area of the study area increased by 693hm2between 1990 and 2015. Construction land and cultivated land are the two most intense changes. Land use type. Among them, the area of construction land increased 948 hm2 (520%), the area of cultivated land decreased 736hm2 (39%), the change of other land use type area was relatively small. (2) the main driving force of land use change in Zhujiajian Island is bridge construction and tourism economy. The main driving force of land use change in the study area is bridge construction factor and social economic factor. The number of employees in the tertiary industry, the number of tourist population, the ticket income of the tourism industry, the actual taxes paid by township enterprises, the total industrial output value and the factor load of the gross national product are relatively high. It is the main social and economic factor that causes the land use change of Zhujiajian Island. Zhujiajian Island communicates with the outside world through the Zhujiajian Strait Bridge and the Zhoushan Bridge. The unique geographical location makes the two bridges play a special role in the land use change of Zhujiajian Island. Zhujiajian Strait Bridge can promote the growth of construction land, and Zhoushan Bridge can obviously promote the increase of tourist population. The bridge construction factors influence the land use change in Zhujiajian Island through these two ways. (3) Land use change leads to the function that contributes most to the value of ecosystem services from food production to recreational cultural function: throughout the study The total value of ecosystem services increased by 14.84 million yuan (6%). The contribution rate of the value of individual ecological services also changed. In 1990, the contribution rate of food production function was the largest, which was 26%, and the contribution rate of entertainment function was the largest since 2010. More than the food production function. The proportion of entertainment cultural function continues to increase in 2015. To sum up, the land use pattern of Zhujiajian Island changed greatly from 1990 to 2015, and the change of construction land and cultivated land was the strongest. The main driving forces of land use change in Zhujiajian Island are socio-economic factors and bridge construction factors. The contribution rate of service value of beach is the biggest in ecosystem, and the value contribution rate of entertainment culture is the biggest in different service function.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F301.24

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