生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络布局研究

发布时间：2018-08-30 20:08

【摘要】：随着人们生活质量的不断提高,对饮食的要求也在提高,在购买生鲜农产品时,新鲜度成为了决定购买的主要因素。由于生鲜农产品对时间的敏感性,导致产品在流通中的损腐率居高不下。其主要原因是冷链功能节点的缺失,生鲜农产品采摘后不经过预冷就直接进入流通环节,直接影响了其在运输过程以及末端消费的损耗。而生鲜农产品的预冷环节是发生冷链“最先一公里”过程,因此,需要加强生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络的建设,随即面临生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络布局问题。根据以上背景,本文主要对生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络布局进行研究,通过构建生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络布局模型来解决目前生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络缺失的问题。首先,通过阅读大量关于冷链网络布局现状研究的国内外文献,对冷链物流、冷链“最先一公里”概念进行阐述,对冷链物流的特点进行分析,对网络布局模型进行了简单介绍,分析了集合覆盖模型、最大覆盖模型和P-中值模型的区别,并对网络布局的求解算法做了阐述;通过上述对冷链“最先一公里”概念和特点以及布局模型的介绍,接着对生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络布局进行分析研究,通过对生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络中网络节点和运输路线等组成要素的分析,归纳总结出生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链物网络中的两个重要节点:提供冷链服务的网络节点和周边的需求点;其次通过提供服务的冷链网络节点和周边需求点对整个“最先一公里”冷链网络布局的要求,总结出“最先一公里”冷链网络布局的目标和原则,并从交通、政策和自然环境三个方面分析影响生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络布局的因素;接着根据各网络布局模型的特点,将以冷链网络的总成本最小为目标的集合覆盖模型作为本文研究生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络的布局模型,并选择启发式算法进行模型的求解,对求出的解集进行推荐解的选择,确定最理想的布局方案;最后以A县作为案例,研究该县的生鲜农产品“最先一公里”冷链网络布局,验证了本文模型和算法的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of people's quality of life and the improvement of dietary requirements, freshness has become a major factor in the purchase of fresh agricultural products. The pre-cooling process of fresh agricultural products is the first one kilometer process of cold chain. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of cold chain network of fresh agricultural products, and then face the fresh agricultural products. Based on the above background, this paper mainly studies the cold chain network layout of fresh agricultural products, and solves the problem of the lack of the cold chain network of fresh agricultural products. By reading a large number of domestic and foreign literatures on the cold chain network layout, this paper expounds the concepts of cold chain logistics and cold chain "the first one kilometer", analyzes the characteristics of cold chain logistics, briefly introduces the network layout model, analyzes the differences between the set coverage model, the maximum coverage model and the P-median model, and the network. This paper expounds the algorithm of network layout, introduces the concept, characteristics and layout model of "first one kilometer" cold chain, then analyzes the network layout of "first one kilometer" cold chain for fresh agricultural products, and analyzes the network nodes and transportation routes of "first one kilometer" cold chain network for fresh agricultural products. This paper summarizes two important nodes in the "first kilometer" cold chain network of fresh agricultural products: the node providing cold chain service and the peripheral demand points; secondly, it summarizes the requirements of the whole "first kilometer" cold chain network layout by the cold chain network nodes and peripheral demand points providing services. The first one kilometer cold chain network layout objectives and principles, and from three aspects of transportation, policy and natural environment analysis of fresh agricultural products "first one kilometer" cold chain network layout factors; then according to the characteristics of each network layout model, the minimum total cost of cold chain network as the goal of the aggregate coverage model as this paper Studying the layout model of the "first one kilometer" cold chain network of fresh agricultural products, and choosing the heuristic algorithm to solve the model, choosing the recommended solution to the solution set and determining the optimal layout scheme; finally taking A County as an example, the "first one kilometer" cold chain network layout of fresh agricultural products in this county is studied and verified. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model and algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.6

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