烟台农业可持续发展面临的生态环境问题与对策

发布时间：2018-09-04 20:50

【摘要】：改革开放以来,烟台农村经济快速发展,农产品供给充足,人民生活水平大幅度提高。然而与此同时,农业生态环境也受到了极大的破坏,农产品质童下降,市场竞争力下降,农民的收入受到了影响。这一现状阻碍了烟台农业的健康发展。农业可持续发展是生态、经济、社会三者的持续性统一。因此,从农业可持续发展理论出发,探讨烟台的农业可持续发展,不仅具有理论意义,而且还有实践意义。本文除引论外,主要分以下三个部分。第一部分主要探讨农业可持续发展的相关理论,阐述了农业可持续发展理论的重要依据是农业系统理论和农业生态经济协调发展理论,明确了农业生态环境保护是农业可持续发展的重要构成要素,指出了生态农业是农业可持续发展模式的最佳形态。第二部分分析了烟台的农业生态环境现状,归纳出引起农业生态环境退化的几点原因:生态环境先天脆弱;人为因素导致的破坏;对生态规律缺乏认识;产权制度的不明确等。第三部分提出了对烟台农业可持续发展的几点建议:一是加强宣传和教育,树立可持续发展意识;二是建立完善农业自然资源的使用保护机制;三是制定切实可行的引导鼓励政策;四是建立利益平衡机制,调动农民保护生态环境的积极性、主动性。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, Yantai rural economy has developed rapidly, the supply of agricultural products is adequate, and the living standards of the people have been greatly improved. However, at the same time, the agricultural ecological environment has been greatly damaged, the quality of agricultural products has declined, the market competitiveness has declined, and farmers' income has been affected. This situation hinders the healthy development of Yantai agriculture. The sustainable development of agriculture is the sustainable unity of ecology, economy and society. Therefore, it is not only of theoretical significance but also of practical significance to discuss the agricultural sustainable development of Yantai based on the theory of agricultural sustainable development. In addition to the introduction, this article is mainly divided into the following three parts. The first part mainly discusses the related theories of agricultural sustainable development, and expounds that the important basis of agricultural sustainable development theory is agricultural system theory and agricultural eco-economy coordinated development theory. This paper clarifies that the protection of agricultural ecological environment is an important component of agricultural sustainable development, and points out that ecological agriculture is the best form of agricultural sustainable development model. The second part analyzes the current situation of agricultural ecological environment in Yantai, and concludes several reasons that cause the degradation of agricultural ecological environment: the inherent fragility of ecological environment; the destruction caused by human factors; the lack of understanding of ecological laws; the unclear property rights system, etc. The third part puts forward some suggestions on the sustainable development of agriculture in Yantai: first, strengthening propaganda and education, establishing awareness of sustainable development; second, establishing and perfecting the protection mechanism of agricultural natural resources; The third is to formulate practical guiding and encouraging policies, and the fourth is to establish a mechanism of balancing interests to arouse the enthusiasm and initiative of farmers in protecting the ecological environment.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F327

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