沈阳市集体土地征收补偿问题研究
发布时间：2018-09-06 09:20
【摘要】：随着城市化和工业化进程的加快,对土地的需求量不断加大,对农村集体土地进行征收愈发成为城市建设新增土地的唯一来源。根据宪法和法律规定,农村集体土地征收是指国家为了公共利益的需要,通过法定程序,将原属于农民集体所有的土地征为国有的行政行为。农村集体土地征收意味着土地所有权的转移,势必影响到政府、村集体、失地农民等多方的利益分配。如果缺少科学合理的土地征收程序和补偿制度作为保障,则容易导致被征地农民的合法权益受损,甚至失去长远的生活保障。随着近几年沈阳市城市化脚步的加快,沈阳郊区大量的农村集体土地被征收,失地农民的数量也与日俱增。在沈阳市目前的农村集体土地征收工作中,存在着缺乏征地的法律上的统一标准、征地补偿分配不公、土地产权不明晰、征地补偿程序不合理、失地农民的再就业和社保制度的不完善等制度建设问题,从而导致农村征地界定模糊、各种征地行为打着公共利益的旗号行使商业征地之目的,不仅导致耕地面积锐减,而且造成大量农民失业待业,甚至引发社会的不安定性。因此,失地农民的问题已经成为沈阳市政府亟需解决的社会问题。根据沈阳市现阶段的经济发展水平,探索一种公平合理的农村集体土地征收补偿制度势在必行。本文通过查阅大量的文献资料,以公共利益理论、国家土地发展权理论、城市化进程理论为基础,以我国《宪法修正案》《土地管理法》《土地征收征用法》为政策法律依据,并结合问卷调查的方法了解沈阳市失地农民的基本情况,发现沈阳市农村集体土地征收过程中存在的缺乏征地的法律上的统一标准、征地补偿分配不公、土地产权不明晰、征地补偿程序不合理、失地农民的再就业和社保制度的不完善等制度建设问题,并对问题进行深入分析,通过对成都、上海、天津农村集体土地征收补偿制度的优秀经验借鉴提出有针对性的建设性建议,即通过严格限定征地的公共利益性,完善农村集体土地征收补偿的分配模式,并进一步明晰农村集体土地的产权,确保国家征地政策得到彻底的贯彻和实施和失地农民的正当权益得到实在的保证。并且对征地制度进行人性化、科学化地改革,全力打造失地农民社会保障体系,切实保障失地农民的长远生计。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the demand for land is increasing, and the expropriation of rural collective land has become the only source of new land for urban construction. According to the constitution and the law, the rural collective land expropriation refers to the administrative act of the state to take the land owned by the peasants collectively-owned by the state through the legal procedure for the sake of the public interest. Rural collective land expropriation means the transfer of land ownership, which will inevitably affect the distribution of interests of the government, village collectives, landless farmers and so on. If there is no scientific and reasonable land expropriation procedure and compensation system as the guarantee, it will easily lead to the loss of the legitimate rights and interests of the peasants who have been expropriated, and even the loss of long-term living security. With the acceleration of the pace of urbanization in Shenyang in recent years, a large number of rural collective land has been expropriated in the suburbs of Shenyang, and the number of landless farmers is also increasing day by day. In the present rural collective land expropriation work in Shenyang, there is a lack of unified legal standards for land expropriation, unfair distribution of compensation for land expropriation, unclear land property rights, unreasonable procedures for land requisition compensation. The problems of re-employment of landless farmers and imperfect social security system lead to the vague definition of land requisition in rural areas. All kinds of land expropriation acts not only lead to the sharp reduction of cultivated land area, but also to the purpose of commercial land expropriation in the name of public interest. And caused a large number of unemployed farmers unemployed, and even triggered social instability. Therefore, the problem of land-lost farmers has become a social problem urgently needed to be solved by Shenyang Municipal Government. According to the present economic development level of Shenyang, it is imperative to explore a fair and reasonable system of rural collective land expropriation and compensation. Based on the theory of public interest, the theory of national land development, the theory of urbanization process, and the land management law of our country, the land expropriation law is the policy legal basis. Based on the questionnaire survey, the author finds out that the rural collective land expropriation process in Shenyang lacks the unified legal standard of land expropriation, the unfair distribution of land expropriation compensation, and the lack of clarity of land property right. The problems of system construction, such as unreasonable procedures for land requisition compensation, re-employment of landless farmers and imperfect social security system, are analyzed in depth. Through the analysis of Chengdu and Shanghai, Based on the excellent experience of Tianjin rural collective land expropriation and compensation system, this paper puts forward some constructive suggestions, that is, perfecting the distribution mode of rural collective land expropriation compensation by strictly limiting the public interest of land expropriation. Furthermore, the property rights of rural collective land are further clarified to ensure the thorough implementation of the national land expropriation policy and the real guarantee of the legitimate rights and interests of land-losing farmers. The system of land expropriation is humanized and scientifically reformed, and the social security system of landless farmers is built to ensure the long-term livelihood of landless farmers.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2
本文编号：2225898
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the demand for land is increasing, and the expropriation of rural collective land has become the only source of new land for urban construction. According to the constitution and the law, the rural collective land expropriation refers to the administrative act of the state to take the land owned by the peasants collectively-owned by the state through the legal procedure for the sake of the public interest. Rural collective land expropriation means the transfer of land ownership, which will inevitably affect the distribution of interests of the government, village collectives, landless farmers and so on. If there is no scientific and reasonable land expropriation procedure and compensation system as the guarantee, it will easily lead to the loss of the legitimate rights and interests of the peasants who have been expropriated, and even the loss of long-term living security. With the acceleration of the pace of urbanization in Shenyang in recent years, a large number of rural collective land has been expropriated in the suburbs of Shenyang, and the number of landless farmers is also increasing day by day. In the present rural collective land expropriation work in Shenyang, there is a lack of unified legal standards for land expropriation, unfair distribution of compensation for land expropriation, unclear land property rights, unreasonable procedures for land requisition compensation. The problems of re-employment of landless farmers and imperfect social security system lead to the vague definition of land requisition in rural areas. All kinds of land expropriation acts not only lead to the sharp reduction of cultivated land area, but also to the purpose of commercial land expropriation in the name of public interest. And caused a large number of unemployed farmers unemployed, and even triggered social instability. Therefore, the problem of land-lost farmers has become a social problem urgently needed to be solved by Shenyang Municipal Government. According to the present economic development level of Shenyang, it is imperative to explore a fair and reasonable system of rural collective land expropriation and compensation. Based on the theory of public interest, the theory of national land development, the theory of urbanization process, and the land management law of our country, the land expropriation law is the policy legal basis. Based on the questionnaire survey, the author finds out that the rural collective land expropriation process in Shenyang lacks the unified legal standard of land expropriation, the unfair distribution of land expropriation compensation, and the lack of clarity of land property right. The problems of system construction, such as unreasonable procedures for land requisition compensation, re-employment of landless farmers and imperfect social security system, are analyzed in depth. Through the analysis of Chengdu and Shanghai, Based on the excellent experience of Tianjin rural collective land expropriation and compensation system, this paper puts forward some constructive suggestions, that is, perfecting the distribution mode of rural collective land expropriation compensation by strictly limiting the public interest of land expropriation. Furthermore, the property rights of rural collective land are further clarified to ensure the thorough implementation of the national land expropriation policy and the real guarantee of the legitimate rights and interests of land-losing farmers. The system of land expropriation is humanized and scientifically reformed, and the social security system of landless farmers is built to ensure the long-term livelihood of landless farmers.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2
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