基于生态足迹的沈阳市土地生态管理研究
发布时间：2018-09-08 16:47
【摘要】：为了达到合理使用土地的目的,使有限的土地资源能够进行优化配置,继而可以满足人类不断增长的需要,以及地区的社会持续发展,使其达到供需平衡的状态,因此对其近况的深入探讨和评价是十分重要的。本文以沈阳市为研究对象,采用生态足迹的方法,定量分析沈阳市目前土地资源利用的发展状态,对沈阳市的生态足迹进行研究,并利用GM(1,1)模型预测之后6年时间内沈阳市土地生态足迹的走势,同时运用目前土地生态管理学的内容和模型提出相应的建议。通过研究,得到如下结果:(1)在2014年,沈阳市的人均生态足迹数值达到1.54公顷。而该地区人均生态承载力为0.51公顷。扣除12%的生物多样性保护,沈阳市生态赤字为1.09公顷,表明在2014年沈阳市土地发展情况不是很乐观。(2)2005-2014年,沈阳市人均生态足迹整体呈上升趋势,说明在这期间,沈阳市对生态生产性土地的需求有所增加。另外,通过计算,在2005-2014年之间沈阳市万元GDP的生态足迹水平总体上有减小趋向,说明沈阳市在这十年的过程中万元GDP的生态足迹的需求减小,这也说明其生态资源的利用效率在上升。(3)根据确定的预测函数,可推断出沈阳市的人均生态足迹将持续增加,在2020年将上升到2.26公顷。其生态足迹的不断增加,意味着人们对物质生产性用地的需求量也在随着时间的变化不断增加。由于人类活动的强度不断提高,且不断挑战着其区域生态系统的承受能力,会给该地区带来更为严重的问题。造成这种情况的主要原因是人口过于密集、消费观念的转变、对土地资源的过度开发利用以及产业结构不合理。对于沈阳市而言,所提出的建议要从四个方面进行考虑:调整人口分布,提高人口素质;转换生产消费方法,增强持续的发展意识;保护土地资源,提高土地利用率;发挥东北老工业基地的优势,提高资源和能源的使用效率。
[Abstract]:In order to achieve the purpose of rational use of land, to optimize the allocation of limited land resources, and then to meet the growing needs of human beings, and to achieve a balance between supply and demand for sustainable social development in the region, Therefore, it is very important to discuss and evaluate the recent situation. This paper takes Shenyang as the research object, adopts the ecological footprint method, quantitatively analyzes the development state of the present land resources utilization in Shenyang, and studies the ecological footprint of Shenyang. The trend of land ecological footprint in Shenyang during the next 6 years was predicted by using GM (1 / 1) model, and the corresponding suggestions were put forward by using the content and model of land ecological management at present. The results are as follows: (1) in 2014, the ecological footprint per capita in Shenyang reached 1.54 ha. The per capita ecological carrying capacity of this area is 0.51 ha. After deducting 12 percent of biodiversity conservation, Shenyang's ecological deficit is 1.09 hectares, which indicates that the land development situation in Shenyang in 2014 is not very optimistic. (2) from 2005 to 2014, the overall per capita ecological footprint of Shenyang showed an upward trend, indicating that during this period, Shenyang's demand for ecologically productive land has increased. In addition, from 2005 to 2014, the ecological footprint level of 10 thousand yuan GDP in Shenyang decreased, which indicated that the demand of ecological footprint of 10 thousand yuan GDP in Shenyang decreased during this decade. This also indicates that the utilization efficiency of ecological resources is increasing. (3) according to the predicted function, it can be inferred that the ecological footprint per capita will continue to increase in Shenyang, and will rise to 2.26 hectares in 2020. The increasing ecological footprint means that the demand for material and productive land is increasing with time. Because of the increasing intensity of human activities and the challenge to the bearing capacity of its regional ecosystem, it will bring more serious problems to the region. The main causes of this situation are the overpopulation, the change of consumption concept, the over-exploitation and utilization of land resources and the unreasonable industrial structure. As far as Shenyang is concerned, the suggestions should be considered from four aspects: adjusting population distribution, improving population quality, changing production and consumption methods, strengthening sustainable development consciousness, protecting land resources and improving land utilization ratio. Give play to the advantage of northeast old industrial base, improve the use efficiency of resource and energy.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F301.2
本文编号：2231104
[Abstract]:In order to achieve the purpose of rational use of land, to optimize the allocation of limited land resources, and then to meet the growing needs of human beings, and to achieve a balance between supply and demand for sustainable social development in the region, Therefore, it is very important to discuss and evaluate the recent situation. This paper takes Shenyang as the research object, adopts the ecological footprint method, quantitatively analyzes the development state of the present land resources utilization in Shenyang, and studies the ecological footprint of Shenyang. The trend of land ecological footprint in Shenyang during the next 6 years was predicted by using GM (1 / 1) model, and the corresponding suggestions were put forward by using the content and model of land ecological management at present. The results are as follows: (1) in 2014, the ecological footprint per capita in Shenyang reached 1.54 ha. The per capita ecological carrying capacity of this area is 0.51 ha. After deducting 12 percent of biodiversity conservation, Shenyang's ecological deficit is 1.09 hectares, which indicates that the land development situation in Shenyang in 2014 is not very optimistic. (2) from 2005 to 2014, the overall per capita ecological footprint of Shenyang showed an upward trend, indicating that during this period, Shenyang's demand for ecologically productive land has increased. In addition, from 2005 to 2014, the ecological footprint level of 10 thousand yuan GDP in Shenyang decreased, which indicated that the demand of ecological footprint of 10 thousand yuan GDP in Shenyang decreased during this decade. This also indicates that the utilization efficiency of ecological resources is increasing. (3) according to the predicted function, it can be inferred that the ecological footprint per capita will continue to increase in Shenyang, and will rise to 2.26 hectares in 2020. The increasing ecological footprint means that the demand for material and productive land is increasing with time. Because of the increasing intensity of human activities and the challenge to the bearing capacity of its regional ecosystem, it will bring more serious problems to the region. The main causes of this situation are the overpopulation, the change of consumption concept, the over-exploitation and utilization of land resources and the unreasonable industrial structure. As far as Shenyang is concerned, the suggestions should be considered from four aspects: adjusting population distribution, improving population quality, changing production and consumption methods, strengthening sustainable development consciousness, protecting land resources and improving land utilization ratio. Give play to the advantage of northeast old industrial base, improve the use efficiency of resource and energy.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F301.2
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