宅基地改革试点背景下金寨县农村居民点布局优化研究

发布时间：2018-09-17 17:23

【摘要】：农村宅基地改革背景下的村庄居民点规划是进行土地整理、实现集约发展,进而推进农村和农业现代化的重要途径,然而盲目大量撤并村庄可能会加速农村多元价值功能的消亡。因此在新一轮土地改革的背景下科学评估村庄发展潜力,制定多元化、差别化的村庄布局优化方案,是农村发展的必然要求。本文研究对农村居民点体系规划研究具有一定的理论意义,为金寨县城乡居民点合理布局提供建议,促进其综合竞争力的提高和区域可持续发展,推动区域城乡统筹发展,同时对贫困山区农村居民点在布局等层面的规划优化提供一定的借鉴和参考。本文集成运用景观格局指数模型、空间自相关分析及空间统计分析等研究方法,分析县域农村居民点的空间特征、影响因子和优化方案等,系统研究宅基地改革背景下农村居民点的分布特征及其布局优化策略。本文主要研究内容及结论如下:(1)结合宅基地改革发展背景,通过文献综述归纳国内有关农村居民点布局优化的研究与进展,并对各种布局优化方法进行归纳总结。(2)农村居民点空间分布特征。结合景观格局指数模型及GIS空间分析方法,研究金寨县农村居民点分布现状、空间分布特征及其影响因素,揭示金寨农村居民点的布局现状和问题,作为发展潜力、影响力评价和布局优化研究的基础。(3)农村居民点综合影响力评价指标构建。提出宅基地改革背景下村庄居民点布局优化的新思维。首先从经济发展、村镇建设、区位条件、资源条件四方面选取指标,建立县域层面的乡镇发展潜力评价指标体系。在此评价结果的基础上,结合影响居民点布局的因素,从用地适宜性的角度,选取自然生态条件、居民点区位条件两个方面,高程、坡度、地质灾害、坡向、距道路距离、距河流距离等具体指标构建农村居民点综合发展潜力评价指标体系。从区域整体的视角,结合宅基地改革的背景,将评价结果划分为低值迁并型、控制发展型、优化合并型、重点拓展型四种类型,并提出居民点空间优化调控的方案。(4)基于不同类型农村居民点提出规划引导策略。低值迁并区的农村居民点综合影响力相对较低,可以作为宅基地改革的重点引导迁移地区。控制发展区应该紧凑建设、提高土地使用效率,逐步调减人均指标。优化合并区,可以适当引导低值迁并区、控制发展区规模小、分布散。重点拓展区应进行小范围的迁并整理,适合零散分布的农村居民点整理。
[Abstract]:The village settlement planning under the background of rural homestead reform is an important way to carry out land consolidation, realize intensive development, and then promote the modernization of countryside and agriculture. However, blind and large number of villages may accelerate the disappearance of rural multiple value function. Therefore, under the background of the new round of land reform, it is an inevitable requirement for rural development to assess the potential of village development scientifically, and to formulate a pluralistic and differentiated optimization scheme of village layout. The research in this paper has certain theoretical significance to the study of rural residential land system planning, provides suggestions for the rational distribution of urban and rural residential areas in Jinzhai County, promotes the improvement of its comprehensive competitiveness and regional sustainable development, and promotes the overall development of regional urban and rural areas. At the same time, it provides some reference and reference for the layout and optimization of rural residential areas in poor mountainous areas. Based on landscape pattern index model, spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial statistical analysis, this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics, influence factors and optimization schemes of rural residential areas in county area. This paper systematically studies the distribution characteristics and layout optimization strategies of rural residential areas under the background of homestead reform. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) combined with the background of homestead reform and development, this paper summarizes the research and progress of rural residential land layout optimization through literature review. And various layout optimization methods are summarized. (2) the spatial distribution characteristics of rural residential areas. Combined with landscape pattern index model and GIS spatial analysis method, the present situation, spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural residential areas in Jinzhai County are studied, and the present situation and problems of the distribution of rural residential areas in Jinzhai County are revealed as the development potential. The foundation of influence evaluation and layout optimization. (3) Construction of comprehensive influence evaluation index of rural residential areas. This paper puts forward a new thinking of optimizing the distribution of village residential areas under the background of homestead reform. Firstly, the indexes are selected from four aspects: economic development, village and town construction, location condition and resource condition, and the evaluation index system of township development potential at county level is established. On the basis of the evaluation results, combined with the factors affecting the distribution of residential areas, from the point of view of the suitability of land use, two aspects of natural ecological conditions, residential location conditions, elevation, slope, geological hazard, slope direction, distance from the road, are selected. The evaluation index system of the comprehensive development potential of rural residential areas is constructed with the distance from rivers and other specific indicators. From the perspective of regional integration and the background of house land reform, the evaluation results are divided into four types: low value moving and merging type, controlling development type, optimizing merging type, and focusing on expansion type. And put forward the residential space optimization control scheme. (4) based on different types of rural settlements planning guidance strategy. The comprehensive influence of the rural residential areas with low value is relatively low, which can be used as the focal point of the homestead reform to guide the relocation areas. Control development area should be compact construction, improve the efficiency of land use, gradually reduce per capita indicators. By optimizing the merging area, the low value region can be properly guided, and the control development area is small and scattered. Small-scale relocation and consolidation should be carried out in key developed areas, suitable for scattered rural settlements consolidation.
【学位授予单位】：安徽建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F301.3

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