浙江省丘陵山区农业机械化发展研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 07:02

【摘要】：浙江省农业机械化发展已实现从初级阶段向高级阶段跨越,但丘陵山区发展水平较低,严重阻碍了全省农业机械化的均衡发展。目前浙江省农业机械化发展已进入以农业"机器换人"为标志的新阶段,对农业机械化发展提出了更高要求,因而加快推进丘陵山区农业机械化,既是全省农业机械化发展的迫切要求,也是丘陵山区农业发展的现实需要。为此,本文在综合分析国内外有关丘陵山区农业机械化发展等相关文献基础上,就如何加快推进浙江省丘陵山区农业机械化发展的相关问题进行了研究探讨。全文研究内容包括以下四个方面。1)将SWOT法和AHP法相结合对浙江省丘陵山区农业机械化发展环境进行了研究,利用SWOT法分析了当今丘陵山区农业机械化发展环境面临的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战,然后结合AHP法对影响丘陵山区农业机械化发展的四大影响因素进行量化研究,再根据结果提出现阶段丘陵山区发展应采取克服内部劣势和把握外部机遇相结合的W0发展战略的构想。2)丘陵山区农业机械化应采取农业机械化与农业产业化相结合,基础设施完善与农机创新研制相结合,轻便安全与节约环保相结合,创新发展机制与优化扶持政策相结合的发展路径;采取农业生产全程机械化和机械化与劳动力相结合的两条发展路线;提出以加大政策扶持力度,完善农机作业基础设施,加快农业生产薄弱环节机具示范推广,大力扶植各类农机服务主体等为内容的发展思路,以及到2020年主要发展目标。3)从丘陵山区农业和农业机械化发展分析了二者对农机装备总体需求:农业各产业发展对农机装备需求的重点在于粮油作物的种植、收获环节,蔬菜、茶叶、食用菌、中药材等特色经济作物和畜禽水产养殖劳动强度大、用工多等环节,以及设施农业和生态循环农业发展的关键环节;农业机械化发展空间布局既要根据丘陵山区的地貌和地域类型,又要结合丘陵山区优势特色农产品的区域分布。4)以推进浙江省丘陵山区农业机械化发展为目标,借鉴参考国外和国内先进地区农业机械化发展经验,提出了丘陵山区农业机械化发展应采取的政策建议与工作措施。
[Abstract]:The development of agricultural mechanization in Zhejiang Province has been achieved from the primary stage to the advanced stage, but the level of development in hilly and mountainous areas is relatively low, which seriously hinders the balanced development of agricultural mechanization in the whole province. At present, the development of agricultural mechanization in Zhejiang Province has entered a new stage marked by "machine replacement" in agriculture, which has put forward higher requirements for the development of agricultural mechanization, thus speeding up the promotion of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas. It is not only the urgent requirement of the development of agricultural mechanization in the province, but also the realistic demand of agricultural development in hilly and mountainous areas. Therefore, based on the comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign literatures on the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas, this paper makes a study and discussion on how to speed up the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas of Zhejiang Province. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) the development environment of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas of Zhejiang Province is studied by combining SWOT method and AHP method. The advantages of agricultural mechanization development environment in hilly and mountainous areas are analyzed by using SWOT method. Disadvantages, opportunities and challenges, and then combined with the AHP method to influence the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas of the four major factors of quantitative research, According to the results, we should adopt the W0 development strategy to overcome the internal disadvantages and grasp the external opportunities. 2) the agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas should be combined with agricultural mechanization and agricultural industrialization. The combination of infrastructure improvement and agricultural machinery innovation and development, light safety and conservation and environmental protection, innovation and development mechanism and optimization of support policies combined with the development path; To adopt the two development routes of mechanization and combination of mechanization and labor force in the whole course of agricultural production, to increase policy support, to perfect the basic facilities of agricultural machinery operation, and to speed up the demonstration and popularization of machinery and tools in weak links of agricultural production, Vigorously support all kinds of agricultural machinery as the main service content for the development of ideas, And the main development goals by 2020. 3) the overall demand for agricultural machinery and equipment is analyzed from the development of agriculture and agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas: the emphasis of the development of agricultural industries on agricultural machinery and equipment lies in the planting, harvesting and vegetable production of grain and oil crops. Tea, edible fungi, traditional Chinese medicine and other special cash crops and livestock and poultry aquaculture labor intensity, more labor and other links, as well as the establishment of agriculture and ecological cycle agriculture development key links; The spatial distribution of agricultural mechanization development should not only be based on the landforms and regional types of hilly areas, but also combine with the regional distribution of agricultural products with dominant characteristics in hilly and mountainous areas. 4) to promote the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas of Zhejiang Province. Referring to the development experience of agricultural mechanization in foreign and domestic advanced areas, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions and working measures for the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.3

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