现代农民成长及其与土地规模化经营的关系
发布时间：2018-10-18 09:26
【摘要】：随着中国劳动力市场开放以来,劳动力大规模的非农转移,中国长期存在的人地关系得到缓解。但是农业产出与发展不协调,现代农民成长的路径不清晰等问题依然严峻。从长期来看,农业现代化发展的核心问题是如何培养现代农民?从短期看,就是如何促使现代农民成长路径性机制,只有在符合农民利益下才会去发展。培养现代农民,土地规模化经营是其必要条件,促进农民增收、致富、地位与形象提高才是根本目的。本文基于工业化中后期,农村大量劳动力非农转移的背景上,首先以人力资本为基点构建现代农民成长路径图,论述现代农民成长路径三种情形。这三种情形主要能够反应当前现代农民形成的来源,而对形成现代农民来源分类也是依据人力资本的高低来划分的。其次在需要论证这些情形发展成现代农民所需条件,由于各种情形初始转化条件有所不同,所以论证不同情形方法选择存在差异。在论证情形一时,针对农村人力资本非农转移是正向性自发的流动这一现实,需要创造条件引致一部分负向性流动才能够实现现代农民的形成。所以借鉴劳动力非农转移函数,构造情形一即相对较高人力资本形成现代农民的转移函数。根据此转移函数分析出情形一现代农民形成所需的条件是促进土地规模化转移。土地规模化经营,能够扩大劳动者农业收入,促使一部分较高人力资本劳动力进行农业中来进入生产,而这部分较高人力资本劳动力又给农业生产中带来较高人力资本,这将会进一步组合农业生产要素,提高农业效率,促进农业产值的增加,这样就会降低非农就业概率,这意味着这一部分较高人力资本劳动力进入农业生产中来,随着这种内敛型机制不断促进,这一部分较高人力资本劳动力就形成现代农民。在论证情形二时,则运用博弈论方法探讨较低人力资本劳动力在“边干边学”机制下转化成现代农民的条件。而最后论证情形二发展现代农民所需条件是加快土地流转、提升土地规模化经营、增进农业生产的报酬。其中提升土地规模化经营是条件的关键,它使得高人力资本劳动力在农业生产中形成示范效应,促进低人力资本劳动力通过“边干边学”机制在土地规模经营中获得更高收益,拉平与高人力资本劳动力收益差距,向现代农民转化。最后本文通过相关数据分析进一步检验土地规模化经营促进现代农民的成长。
[Abstract]:With the opening of China's labor market, the labor force has been transferred on a large scale, and the long-existing relationship between man and land in China has been alleviated. However, agricultural output and development are not in harmony, and the path of modern farmers' growth is unclear. In the long run, the core problem of the development of agricultural modernization is how to cultivate modern farmers. In the short term, how to promote the modern farmer growth path mechanism, only in accordance with the interests of farmers will develop. To cultivate modern farmers, land management is the necessary condition. Promoting farmers' income, becoming rich, and improving their status and image are the basic purposes. Based on the background of non-agricultural transfer of a large number of rural labor in the middle and late stage of industrialization, this paper firstly constructs the growth path map of modern farmers based on human capital, and discusses three situations of the growth path of modern farmers. These three situations can mainly reflect the source of the formation of the modern farmers, and the classification of the origin of the formation of the modern farmers is also divided according to the level of human capital. Secondly, it is necessary to demonstrate that these conditions develop into the conditions required by modern farmers. Because of the different initial transformation conditions of various situations, the selection of different scenarios and methods is different. In the case of demonstration, in view of the fact that non-agricultural transfer of rural human capital is a positive spontaneous flow, it is necessary to create conditions leading to a part of negative flow in order to realize the formation of modern farmers. Therefore, using the transfer function of labor force for reference, we construct a relatively high human capital to form the transfer function of modern farmers. According to this transfer function, it is found that the condition for the formation of modern farmers is to promote the large-scale transfer of land. The large-scale operation of land can enlarge the agricultural income of the laborer and promote the higher human capital labor force to enter into the agricultural production, and this part of the higher human capital labor force will bring the higher human capital to the agricultural production. This will further combine the factors of agricultural production, improve agricultural efficiency, and promote the increase of agricultural output value. This will reduce the probability of non-agricultural employment, which means that this part of the higher human capital labor force will come into agricultural production. Along with this kind of introverted mechanism promotes unceasingly, this part higher human capital labor force forms the modern farmer. In the case of 02:00, game theory is used to explore the conditions under which the labor force of lower human capital can be transformed into a modern farmer under the mechanism of "learning by doing". In the end, it is necessary to speed up the land circulation, improve the scale management of land and increase the remuneration of agricultural production. Among them, promoting land scale management is the key to the condition, which makes the high human capital labor force form the demonstration effect in the agricultural production, and promotes the low human capital labor force to obtain higher income in the land scale management through the mechanism of "learning by doing". Leveling out the gap between the labor force income of high human capital and transforming to modern farmers. Finally, through the analysis of relevant data, this paper further tests that land scale management promotes the growth of modern farmers.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;F321.1
本文编号：2278701
[Abstract]:With the opening of China's labor market, the labor force has been transferred on a large scale, and the long-existing relationship between man and land in China has been alleviated. However, agricultural output and development are not in harmony, and the path of modern farmers' growth is unclear. In the long run, the core problem of the development of agricultural modernization is how to cultivate modern farmers. In the short term, how to promote the modern farmer growth path mechanism, only in accordance with the interests of farmers will develop. To cultivate modern farmers, land management is the necessary condition. Promoting farmers' income, becoming rich, and improving their status and image are the basic purposes. Based on the background of non-agricultural transfer of a large number of rural labor in the middle and late stage of industrialization, this paper firstly constructs the growth path map of modern farmers based on human capital, and discusses three situations of the growth path of modern farmers. These three situations can mainly reflect the source of the formation of the modern farmers, and the classification of the origin of the formation of the modern farmers is also divided according to the level of human capital. Secondly, it is necessary to demonstrate that these conditions develop into the conditions required by modern farmers. Because of the different initial transformation conditions of various situations, the selection of different scenarios and methods is different. In the case of demonstration, in view of the fact that non-agricultural transfer of rural human capital is a positive spontaneous flow, it is necessary to create conditions leading to a part of negative flow in order to realize the formation of modern farmers. Therefore, using the transfer function of labor force for reference, we construct a relatively high human capital to form the transfer function of modern farmers. According to this transfer function, it is found that the condition for the formation of modern farmers is to promote the large-scale transfer of land. The large-scale operation of land can enlarge the agricultural income of the laborer and promote the higher human capital labor force to enter into the agricultural production, and this part of the higher human capital labor force will bring the higher human capital to the agricultural production. This will further combine the factors of agricultural production, improve agricultural efficiency, and promote the increase of agricultural output value. This will reduce the probability of non-agricultural employment, which means that this part of the higher human capital labor force will come into agricultural production. Along with this kind of introverted mechanism promotes unceasingly, this part higher human capital labor force forms the modern farmer. In the case of 02:00, game theory is used to explore the conditions under which the labor force of lower human capital can be transformed into a modern farmer under the mechanism of "learning by doing". In the end, it is necessary to speed up the land circulation, improve the scale management of land and increase the remuneration of agricultural production. Among them, promoting land scale management is the key to the condition, which makes the high human capital labor force form the demonstration effect in the agricultural production, and promotes the low human capital labor force to obtain higher income in the land scale management through the mechanism of "learning by doing". Leveling out the gap between the labor force income of high human capital and transforming to modern farmers. Finally, through the analysis of relevant data, this paper further tests that land scale management promotes the growth of modern farmers.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;F321.1
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，本文编号：2278701
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