黄骅市农业用地利用效应时空分析研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 09:45

【摘要】：人类发展和生存离不开土地,人类创造历史的过程,也是对土地进行改造的过程,随着对土地的利用必然引起土地利用结构的改变,进而导致土地功能发生改变。进入21世纪以来,随着我国经济社会的发展、人口持续增长、工业化和城市化的快速推进,生态、生产和生活空间争地现象凸显,土地资源供需矛盾严峻。农业用地是人类赖以生存的物质基础,不仅具有重要的生产功能,还有重要的生态功能。人类对农业用地利用过程中,往往只注重农业用地的生产效应,忽视了其生态效应,造成了农业用地的不合理使用,引发了诸多生态问题。黄骅市近年来经济快速发展,城市化水平不断提升,但农业仍然是该地区主导产业。该市生态脆弱且生态地位突出,同时农业用地占比较大,在农业生产的基础上兼顾生态,提高区域农业用地利用多功能效应,具有重要意义。本文通过构建农业用地利用效应评价指标体系,对黄骅市农业用地利用效应进行评价,并进行分区,为黄骅市土地合理利用提供理论基础。论文内容主要包括:(1)通过构建黄骅市农业用地利用效应评价指标体系,通过测算农业用地利用效应分值、效应实现率和动态变化度,对黄骅市2003-2012年农业用地利用生产效应和生态效应动态变异性进行分析。结果显示:黄骅市农业用地生产效应呈现快速增长趋势,生态效应呈现缓慢退化趋势。从农业用地利用效应实现率来看,黄骅市农业用地利用生产效应和生态效应都为中度可持续水平,有待进一步提高。(2)以乡镇为基本单元,运用综合指数法和自然断点法,分析2012年黄骅市农业用地利用效应空间分布特征,结果显示黄骅市农业用地利用效应呈现一定的集聚特征。其中生产效应较好的区域主要集中在远离海边的市域西部,生态效应较好的区域主要集中在市域东北部,空间集聚的特点可以为黄骅市土地利用功能分区提供借鉴。(3)运用灰色关联分析模型及阻力模型,对制约黄骅市农业用地利用生产效应和生态效应的限制因素进行定量分析,得出近年来,黄骅市生产效应的土地制约因素主要是耕地质量、自然灾害和农田灌溉面积,生态效应的主要制约因素为森林覆盖率,人均生态用地面积和水域用地比例。运用叠置法将黄骅市分为生态、生产、生活三个大区。并结合制约因素,提出了土地利用功能分区建设的建议。为未来黄骅市农业用地的合理利用、可持续、协调发展提供理论借鉴。
[Abstract]:Human development and survival can not be separated from land. The process of human creation of history is also the process of land transformation. With the use of land, the structure of land use will be changed, and then the land function will be changed. Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the development of economy and society, the continuous increase of population, the rapid advance of industrialization and urbanization, the phenomenon of land competition between ecology, production and living space has become prominent, and the contradiction between supply and demand of land resources is severe. Agricultural land is the material basis of human survival, not only has important production function, but also important ecological function. In the process of agricultural land use, people usually only pay attention to the production effect of agricultural land, ignore its ecological effect, cause irrational use of agricultural land, and cause many ecological problems. Huanghua has developed rapidly in recent years, but agriculture is still the leading industry in Huanghua. The ecology of the city is fragile and the ecological status is prominent, and the agricultural land occupies a large proportion. It is of great significance to give consideration to ecology on the basis of agricultural production and to improve the multifunctional effect of regional agricultural land use. By constructing the evaluation index system of agricultural land use effect, this paper evaluates the agricultural land use effect in Huanghua and divides it into different areas, which provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of land in Huanghua. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) by constructing the evaluation index system of agricultural land use effect in Huanghua, the paper calculates the score of agricultural land use effect, the rate of effect realization and the degree of dynamic change. The dynamic variability of agricultural land use effects and ecological effects in Huanghua from 2003 to 2012 was analyzed. The results showed that the effect of agricultural land production in Huanghua showed a rapid growth trend, and the ecological effect showed a slow degradation trend. According to the realization rate of agricultural land use effect, both the production effect and ecological effect of agricultural land use in Huanghua are moderately sustainable, which need to be further improved. (2) taking villages and towns as the basic unit, the comprehensive index method and the natural breakpoint method are used. The spatial distribution characteristics of agricultural land use effect in Huanghua City in 2012 were analyzed. The results showed that the agricultural land use effect in Huanghua City showed a certain agglomeration feature. Among them, the areas with better production effects are mainly concentrated in the western part of the city, which is far from the seaside, and the areas with better ecological effects are mainly concentrated in the northeast of the city area. The characteristics of spatial agglomeration can be used for reference for land use functional zoning in Huanghua. (3) using grey relational analysis model and resistance model, quantitative analysis is carried out on the limiting factors that restrict the production effect and ecological effect of agricultural land use in Huanghua. In recent years, the land restriction factors of production effect in Huanghua are mainly cultivated land quality, natural disaster and farmland irrigation area, and the main restricting factors of ecological effect are forest coverage, per capita ecological land area and water area proportion. Huanghua City is divided into three regions: ecology, production and life. Combined with the restrictive factors, the suggestions of land use function zoning construction are put forward. It provides theoretical reference for the rational utilization, sustainable and coordinated development of agricultural land in Huanghua in the future.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2

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