营林规模对林业补贴政策实施对象选择及效果的影响研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 15:04

【摘要】：2003年开始的新一轮集体林权制度改革实施至今,尤其是分山到户使农户山林承包经营权确立,这在一定程度上调动了林农的生产积极性,但也带来了林权分散且经营面积细碎化问题。从20世纪90年代开始,部分山区的林地向规模大户流转,出现了林地资源集中和规模报酬递增的现象。为了更好地激励林农营林积极性,自2009年起中央财政推出了森林抚育补贴、造林补贴等一系列中央财政林业补贴政策(后简称林业补贴政策),目的是在林业“双增”目标下促进林业经营效率的提升,但是在此基础上政策的执行过程中是否兼顾规模大户与普通农户的利益,政策的瞄准度是否达到等都是值得探讨的问题。本研究在分析浙江省林业补贴政策的历程与现状的基础上,运用典型抽样和随机抽样相结合的方法,针对造林补贴和森林抚育补贴政策,对浙江省两个案例县(市),即开化县与建德市进行实地调查,共抽取183户农户,收集2009年部分数据和2015年数据,分析营林规模对林业补贴政策实施的对象选择与效果的影响;在此基础上得出相关结论并提出完善林业补贴政策的合理化建议。主要研究过程和结论如下:(1)运用Logit模型研究营林规模对林业补贴政策实施对象选择的影响。得出实际营林面积在1%显著性水平上对农户是否为补贴户有正相关影响,即营林规模越大,越容易成为补贴户。林业补贴政策实施中倾向于补贴规模大户;地方相关职能部门从降低监督交易成本出发,尽量鼓励让规模大户参与林业补贴项目实施。(2)运用三重差分模型(difference in difference in difference,简称DDD模型)研究营林规模对林业补贴政策实施效果的影响。得出林业补贴政策实施的“倾向性”对林业生产投入有一定程度的促进作用,但其影响并不显著,目前林业补贴政策的瞄准度仍存在一定的疑问。(3)根据研究结论,完善林业补贴政策主要在林业补贴政策实施对象选择和实施效果两个角度考虑。在林业补贴政策实施对象选择方面:设立普通户专项补贴和创新补贴申请方式,扩大林业补贴政策受益面;结合多种渠道提升不同类型农户对补贴政策的认知度,调动农户参与的积极性。在林业补贴政策实施的效果方面:实行动态化林业补贴标准,适应营林成本不断上涨;强化林业补贴项目监管机制,增强对林业补贴政策执行的监督力度。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of the new round of collective forest tenure system reform in 2003, the farmers' contractual management right of mountain forest has been established, which to a certain extent has aroused the production enthusiasm of forest farmers. But also brought about the dispersion of forest rights and the issue of fragmentation of business area. Since the 1990s, forest land in some mountain areas has been transferred to large scale households, and the phenomenon of forest land resources concentration and increasing scale returns has appeared. In order to better stimulate the enthusiasm of forestry farmers and marketers, since 2009, the central government has introduced a series of central financial forestry subsidy policies, such as forest tending subsidies, afforestation subsidies and so on (hereafter referred to as forestry subsidy policies). The purpose is to promote the improvement of forestry management efficiency under the goal of "double increase" in forestry, but on this basis, whether to take into account the interests of large scale households and ordinary farmers in the process of implementing the policy, It is worth discussing whether the aim of the policy is reached or not. On the basis of analyzing the course and present situation of forestry subsidy policy in Zhejiang Province, this study applies the method of combining typical sampling and random sampling, aiming at afforestation subsidy and forest tending subsidy policy, two cases of county (city) in Zhejiang Province. That is, Kaihua County and Jiande City conducted a field survey, a total of 183 farmers, collected data in 2009 and 2015 part of the data, analysis of forest size on the implementation of forestry subsidy policy target selection and effect; On the basis of this, the paper draws the relevant conclusions and puts forward some reasonable suggestions to perfect the forestry subsidy policy. The main research process and conclusions are as follows: (1) Logit model is used to study the effect of silviculture scale on the choice of forestry subsidy policy. It is concluded that the actual forest area at the level of 1% significance has a positive correlation on whether the farmers are subsidized households, that is, the larger the forest scale, the easier it is to become subsidised households. In the implementation of forestry subsidy policy, the subsidy scale tends to be large; In order to reduce the cost of supervision and transaction, local relevant functional departments should encourage large scale enterprises to participate in the implementation of forestry subsidy projects. (2) the triple differential model (difference in difference,) is used. The effect of forest scale on the effect of forestry subsidy policy was studied by DDD model. It is concluded that the "tendency" of the implementation of forestry subsidy policy can promote forestry production input to a certain extent, but its influence is not obvious. At present, there are still some doubts about the aim of forestry subsidy policy. (3) according to the research conclusion, The improvement of forestry subsidy policy is mainly considered from two angles: the choice of the target and the effect of the implementation of the forestry subsidy policy. In the forestry subsidy policy implementation object selection aspect: sets up the ordinary household special subsidy and the innovation subsidy application way, expands the forestry subsidy policy benefit aspect; Combined with various channels to promote different types of farmers to the subsidy policy awareness, to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to participate. In terms of the effect of forestry subsidy policy implementation, the dynamic forestry subsidy standard should be implemented to adapt to the rising forestry cost, the supervision mechanism of forestry subsidy project should be strengthened, and the supervision on the implementation of forestry subsidy policy should be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.2;F812.8

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