江西省Y县农村宅基地退出农户满意度分析

发布时间：2018-11-20 14:30

【摘要】：我国农村宅基地闲置、粗放利用的情况随着新型城镇化的推进和城市建设用地的日益紧缺逐渐凸显出来。适时因地制宜的制定宅基地退出政策,构建科学的农村宅基地退出机制,是盘活闲置、低效宅基地,改变农村土地资源紧缺与浪费双重矛盾的重要途径,并成为农村宅基制度改革的重点内容。农户作为数量庞大的宅基地实际占有和使用者,他们对宅基地退出政策的满意度是衡量宅基地退出制度改革成效的核心标准。因此,以经历宅基地改革的农户作为研究对象,定量分析影响农户的宅基地退出满意度的因素及其作用机理,对优化和完善宅基地退出路径和政策具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文以全国农村宅基地使用制度改革试点——江西省Y县为研究区域,首先总结梳理了该县宅基地制度改革与退出政策的主要特点和实施情况;再借鉴顾客满意度指数(CSI)的研究框架以及结构方程模型在征地补偿和公共服务等领域的相关研究,综合政策质量评价和宅基地退出意愿方面的研究成果,从中选取16个观测变量构成8个潜变量,并提出研究假设;再次,基于相关理论基础和Y县的政策特点设计问卷,实地调研获得263份有效数据了解Y县农户的满意度水平;最后,构建Y县农村宅基地退出农户满意度指数模型,利用AMOS软件系统性的研究Y县宅基地退出农户满意度的影响因素及其作用路径。研究结果显示:(1)农户的政策预期和政策满意度均超过一般水平,农户家庭资源经济水平对农户感知政策质量的作用不显著,而对农户的政策预期和政策满意度较为显著,但影响力不强;(2)政策宣传和农户参与度、政策多样选择的合理性、政策执行成效对农户感知政策质量产生了显著的正向作用;(3)农户的政策预期对农户感知政策质量和政策满意度都产生了积极作用,二者的影响程度相当但都不强,相较之下农户的满意度主要受到政策质量的影响;(4)农户感知政策质量和政策满意度对农户的政策支持度具有积极作用,且政策质量相比农户的满意度对农户支持产生更大影响力。以上的研究结论为政策完善提供了一定启示:(1)加强政策宣传,健全宅基地退出补偿和收益分配机制,保证农户合理预期;(2)尊重改革民意,科学制定差别化的权益保障政策;(3)改革的主体以村组织和农户为主,完善集体经济组织机构和制度;(4)顺应市场趋势,探索宅基地跨集体流转和抵押方式。
[Abstract]:With the advance of new urbanization and the increasing shortage of urban construction land, the situation of extensive utilization of rural residential land in our country is gradually prominent. It is an important way to activate the idle and inefficient homestead and to change the contradiction between shortage and waste of rural land resources to formulate the policy of homestead withdrawal according to local conditions and to construct a scientific mechanism of rural homestead withdrawal. And become the key content of rural house-based system reform. As a large number of real homestead occupancy and users, their satisfaction with the homestead withdrawal policy is the core standard to measure the effectiveness of the Homestead withdrawal system reform. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to optimize and perfect the homestead exit path and policy by taking the farmers who have experienced the homestead reform as the research object and quantitatively analyzing the factors affecting the homestead withdrawal satisfaction and its mechanism. In this paper, the pilot reform of rural homestead use system-Jiangxi Province Y County as the research area, first summarized and combed the main characteristics and implementation of the Homestead system reform and withdrawal policy of this county; Then we draw lessons from the research framework of customer satisfaction index (CSI) and the structural equation model in land requisition compensation and public service, synthesizing the research results of policy quality evaluation and homestead withdrawal intention. Among them, 16 observation variables are selected to form 8 latent variables, and the research hypotheses are put forward. Thirdly, based on the relevant theoretical basis and policy characteristics of Y county design questionnaire, 263 effective data were obtained to understand the satisfaction level of farmers in Y county. Finally, this paper constructs the index model of rural homestead withdrawal farmers satisfaction in Y county, and systematically studies the influencing factors and the action path of the rural homestead withdrawal farmers satisfaction in Y county by using AMOS software. The results show that: (1) the policy expectation and policy satisfaction of farmers are higher than the general level. The economic level of household resources has no significant effect on the farmers' perceived policy quality, but the farmers' policy expectations and policy satisfaction are more significant. But the influence is not strong; (2) the policy propaganda and farmers' participation, the rationality of various policy choices, and the effect of policy implementation have a significant positive effect on farmers' perceived policy quality; (3) the farmers' policy expectation has a positive effect on the farmers' perceived policy quality and policy satisfaction, and the influence degree of both is equal but not strong, compared with the farmers' satisfaction is mainly affected by the policy quality; (4) Farmers' perceived policy quality and policy satisfaction have a positive effect on farmers' policy support, and the policy quality has more influence on farmers' support than farmers' satisfaction. The above conclusions provide some enlightenment for policy improvement: (1) strengthen policy propaganda, perfect the mechanism of homestead withdrawal compensation and income distribution, and ensure the reasonable expectation of farmers; (2) respect the public opinion, scientifically formulate the differential rights and interests protection policy, (3) the main body of the reform is village organizations and farmers, improve the collective economic organization institutions and systems; (4) to conform to the market trend and explore the ways of collective circulation and mortgage of homestead.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F321.1

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