天然大分子制孔芳纶复合膜材料的制备、表征及性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 19:06

本文关键词：天然大分子制孔芳纶复合膜材料的制备、表征及性能研究　出处：《鲁东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：芳纶1313(MPIA)纤维具有一系列优异的性能,比如较好的化学稳定性和耐高温性,优异的阻燃性能等。同时,芳纶1313纤维柔韧细长,易于纺丝,因此经常被应用于消防服、防电弧服等一些领域。但是,单一的芳纶纤维在使用的过程中也存在一定缺陷,比如透气性、透湿性和吸水性较差,不能满足人们对服装舒适性的要求。不仅如此,芳纶1313织物经常需要在一些潮湿的环境下使用,表面容易滋生细菌。基于此,本文尝试采用壳聚糖和纤维素这两种天然大分子,用溶液共混的方法分别制备出了一系列芳纶1313/壳聚糖和芳纶1313/纤维素的复合膜,所制得的复合膜用生物酶进行降解,最终得到多孔的芳纶1313/壳聚糖和芳纶1313/纤维素的复合膜材料。对所合成的复合膜材料进行性能测试,与纯芳纶膜相比,复合膜的透气性、透湿性和吸水性都有很大提高,并且具有良好的抗菌效果。以DMSO为溶剂,得到均相的芳纶1313溶液和均相的壳聚糖溶液。混合涂膜后得到一系列不同比例的芳纶1313/壳聚糖复合膜:100/0,85/15,75/25,65/35,50/50,35/65和0/100。采用壳聚糖酶、纤维素酶、木瓜蛋白酶、脂肪酶和葡萄糖氧化酶对复合膜进行降解。降解实验结果表明,壳聚糖酶和纤维素酶降解效果较好,降解率可达73%。红外光谱表明芳纶1313和壳聚糖分子之间是可相容的,且降解过程中膜的性能稳定。扫描电镜显示膜的正面相对光滑,反面出现许多孔洞,降解之后断面呈多孔状结构。热重分析曲线表明降解之后膜依然具有良好的热稳定性。降解后复合膜的透气性、透湿性和吸水性与纯芳纶膜相比有很大提高,纯芳纶膜不具有抗菌活性,而最终得到的大孔复合膜材料对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率最高可分别达到26.56%和27.33%。以DMAC/LiCl为溶剂,分别得到均相的芳纶1313溶液和均相的纤维素溶液。采用溶液共混的方法制得了一系列芳纶1313/纤维素的复合膜:100/0,90/10,80/20,70/30,60/40,50/50和0/100。采用壳聚糖酶、纤维素酶、木瓜蛋白酶、脂肪酶和葡萄糖氧化酶对复合膜进行降解。降解实验结果表明,纤维素酶降解效果较好,降解率可达80%。红外光谱表明芳纶1313分子和纤维素分子之间是可相容的,并且降解过程中膜的性质保持稳定。扫描电镜显示复合膜的正面比较光滑,反面出现许多小孔,降解后膜的表面形态发生变化,且断面呈海绵状的多孔结构。热重分析说明降解之后复合膜仍然具有良好的热稳定性。与纯芳纶膜相比,复合膜的透气性、透湿性和吸水性都有很大提高。经过NaClO溶液的氯漂之后,所制得的膜材料显示出了良好的抗菌效果。
[Abstract]:Aramid fiber 1313 (MPIA) has a series of excellent properties, such as good chemical stability and high temperature resistance, excellent flame retardant properties. At the same time, aramid fiber 1313 flexible slender, easy spinning, it is often applied to the fire service, arc protective clothing and some other fields. However, aramid fiber single there are also some defects in the process of using, for example, air permeability, moisture permeability and water absorption is poor, can not meet people's requirements of clothing comfort. Moreover, Aramid 1313 fabric often used in moist environment, the table face is easy to breed bacteria. Based on this, this paper attempts to use chitosan and these two kinds of natural cellulose macromolecules by solution blending method were prepared by a series of Kevlar 1313/ composite membrane of chitosan and aramid 1313/ fiber, composite membrane prepared by enzymatic degradation, finally obtain porous aromatic The composite fiber 1313/ chitosan and aramid 1313/ cellulose. To test the performance of the composite membrane material synthesis, compared with pure aramid fiber membrane, composite membrane permeability, moisture permeability and water absorption are greatly improved, and has good antibacterial effect. Using DMSO as solvent, to obtain homogeneous Aramid 1313 solution and homogeneous solution of chitosan. The aramid 1313/ chitosan composite membrane of a series of different ratio of film: 100/0,85/15,75/25,65/35,50/50,35/65 and 0/100. using chitosanase, cellulase, papain, lipase and glucose oxidase degradation of composite films. The experimental results show that the degradation, chitosanase and cellulase degradation effect well, the degradation rate of up to 73%. between the infrared spectra showed that the aramid fiber 1313 and chitosan molecules are compatible, and the degradation process of membrane stability. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the positive film Relatively smooth tails appear many holes, after the degradation of cross section showed a porous structure. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that degradation after the film still has good thermal stability. The permeability of composite membrane degradation, moisture permeability and water absorption compared with pure aramid film has greatly improved, pure aramid membranes have no antibacterial activity. The macroporous composite membrane materials obtained antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the highest rate can reach 26.56% and 27.33%. respectively with DMAC/LiCl as solvent, homogeneous solution are respectively obtained and Aramid 1313 homogeneous cellulose solution. Composite membrane by solution blending method to synthesize a series of aramid fiber 1313/ 100/0,90/10,80/20,70/30,60/40,50/50 and 0/100. using chitosanase, cellulase, papain, lipase and glucose oxidase degradation of composite films. The experimental results show that the degradation of cellulose. Good degradation effect, the degradation rate of up to 80%. between the infrared spectra showed that the Aramid 1313 molecules and cellulose molecules are compatible, and the nature of the degradation process of membrane stability. Scanning electron microscopy showed that positive composite membrane is smooth, the opposite appears many holes, the surface morphology after degradation film changes, and the section is porous sponge like. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that degradation after the membrane has good thermal stability. Compared with pure aramid fiber membrane, composite membrane permeability, moisture permeability and water absorption are greatly improved. After NaClO solution after bleaching, the prepared membrane material showed good antibacterial effect.

【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.2

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