氧化锌纳米结构的制备及在纳米发电机中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-04 17:14

本文关键词：氧化锌纳米结构的制备及在纳米发电机中的应用　出处：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：Zn O是一种直接宽带隙半导体,具有六方纤锌矿结构,通过不同的生长工艺可制备出形貌各异,尺寸不同的纳米结构。由于其制备简单,生长可控,Zn O纳米材料目前广泛应用于LED、薄膜晶体管、太阳能电池、纳米发电机等高新产业。如何大规模、低成本的生长高质量的Zn O纳米材料,受到业界的广泛关注。本文主要应用一种新发展的生长方法-水热蒸汽法,采用乙二胺蒸汽制备Zn O纳米材料。与传统的水热法在水溶液里面生长不同,水热蒸汽法在水溶液上方通过蒸汽生长,这避免基底受到溶液的大量腐蚀及晶体生长受到溶液中沉淀物的影响。乙二胺可提供Zn O纳米材料生长所需的碱性生长环境,同时可持续性地生长增加Zn O纳米材料的长度。本文创新性的结合这两个特点,采用水热蒸汽法,以乙二胺为反应溶液,锌片作为锌源,同时也为基底,通过调节工艺参数实现了Zn O纳米材料的可控生长,成功制备了高长径比(130:1)的一维Zn O纳米棒阵列,以及在室温下成功制备了Zn O纳米片阵列,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、光致发光谱(PL)和拉曼光谱(Raman)等测试手段对样品进行了表面形貌、微观结构和光电性能的表征和分析。本文采用水热蒸汽法制备的Zn O纳米材料试制纳米发电机。通过制备两种不同形貌的Zn O纳米材料(纳米棒和纳米片),将其组装成纳米发电机。测试了两种纳米发电机的性能。主要研究了不同压力、频率、负载下纳米发电机的电输出特性,比较了不同形貌Zn O纳米材料制备的纳米发电机的差异,研究了纳米发电机的工作原理,分析了提高纳米发电机性能的方法。最后,通过对纳米发电机的结构优化,我们制备的纳米发电机成功点亮了40个型号为3R4SC的红色LED,对1μF电容充电,由0 V到3 V,只需耗时7秒,纳米发电机的单体输出功率达到460m W/m。
[Abstract]:Zno is a direct wide band gap semiconductor with hexagonal wurtzite structure. Because of its simple preparation and controllable growth, ZnO nanostructures with different morphologies and sizes can be prepared by different growth processes. Zno nanomaterials are widely used in LED, thin film transistors, solar cells, nano-generators and other high-tech industries. How to grow high quality Zn-O nanomaterials on a large scale and low cost. In this paper, a newly developed growth method, hydrothermal vapor method, was used to prepare Zno nanomaterials by ethylenediamine vapor, which is different from the traditional hydrothermal method in aqueous solution growth. The hydrothermal vapor method grows over the aqueous solution by steam. This prevents the substrate from being corroded by the solution and the crystal growth affected by the precipitate in the solution. Ethylenediamine can provide the basic growth environment for the growth of ZnO nanomaterials. At the same time, the length of Zn-O nanomaterials can be increased by sustainable growth. In this paper, the hydrothermal vapor method was used to increase the length of Zn-O nanomaterials, using ethylenediamine as the reaction solution, zinc sheet as the zinc source, and also as the substrate. The controllable growth of ZnO nanomaterials was realized by adjusting the technological parameters, and the one-dimensional Zn O nanorod arrays with high aspect ratio of 130: 1) were successfully prepared. The ZnO nanoscale arrays were successfully prepared at room temperature by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface morphology of the samples was investigated by means of photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman). Characterization and analysis of microstructure and optoelectronic properties. In this paper, nanocrystalline generators were prepared by hydrothermal vapor method. Two Zn-O nanomaterials with different morphologies were prepared. Nanorods and nanoparticles. The performance of two kinds of nano-generators was tested. The electrical output characteristics of nano-generators under different pressure, frequency and load were studied. The difference of nano-generator prepared by Zno nano-materials with different morphologies is compared, the working principle of nano-generator is studied, and the methods to improve the performance of nano-generator are analyzed. By optimizing the structure of the nano-generator, we successfully light up 40 red LEDs of 3R4SC and charge 1 渭 F capacitance from 0 V to 3 V. At 7 seconds, the output power of the nano generator is 460 MW / m.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;O614.241

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