静电纺丝制备P型氧化锌和钛酸钡微纳米纤维及性质研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 20:04

本文关键词：静电纺丝制备P型氧化锌和钛酸钡微纳米纤维及性质研究　出处：《青岛大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：纳米纤维是一维纳米材料的典型代表,具有超大的比表面积、独特的物理化学特性而受到人们关注,纳米纤维可被用于能源、催化、纳米电子器件、环保过滤、纺织工程、环境空气治理等方面。制备纳米纤维的技术有很多种,其中静电纺丝技术以其装备简单、成本低廉、高效便捷、制备纳米纤维种类多受到人们关注,而被广泛应用。氧化锌材料作为一种新型的宽禁带材料,具有较宽禁带、很高的电子迁移率、非常小的介电常数而且导电性能比较好等优点,特别适于制作蓝绿光发光二极管、激光器、压电传感等电子器件。而纳米氧化锌将其优点进一步扩大,可以制作灵敏度更高的传感器件、效率更高的催化器件等。如何开发、应用纳米氧化锌材料已成为科学界关注的焦点,要充分发挥氧化锌材料的优越性能和电子器件方面的开发,需要我们深入了解氧化锌的各种性质。我们已知纯的氧化锌是N型半导体材料,此外还可以通过简单的掺杂制备其他特殊性质的N型氧化锌,目前N型氧化锌半导体早已成功制备并投入应用。制备稳定的P型氧化锌尚且存在一系列问题,对于氧化锌电子器件的应用开发有重要意义。第二章介绍了通过静电纺丝技术制备镧掺杂的P型氧化锌纳米纤维。具有典型钙钛矿结构的Ba TiO3拥有众多独特的性质,被誉为电子陶瓷工业的支柱,是电子陶瓷元器件的基础材料。随着器件向集成化、小型化发展,纳米电子器件得到人们广泛关注。钛酸钡有很好的湿敏传感特性、压电特性并且在超级电容器领域也有潜在应用。因此制备钛酸钡纳米纤维变得意义非凡,成为研发的焦点。第三章介绍了通过静电纺丝的方法成功制备了钛酸钡纳米纤维,并研究了煅烧温度对钛酸钡纳米纤维形貌的影响,此外我们利用离心静电纺丝的方法成功制备了高取向平行的钛酸钡纳米纤维,并通过实验验证了其对湿度响应快速灵敏,具有很好的湿敏特性。此外,我们还做了利用静电纺丝的方法制备钙钛矿纳米纤维,用于太阳能电池的探究性工作。太阳能电池一直以来被人们认为是解决当前资源、能源危机最好的方法,传统硅基太阳能电池已经发展几十年,生产消耗大、污染重。近年来具有钙钛矿结构的太阳能电池,以极快的发展速度吸引着人们的眼球,目前报道的钙钛矿太阳能电池转化效率已超过20%。在钙钛矿太阳能电池中,起至关重要作用的就是钙钛矿层,也是电池的光吸收转化层,利用静电纺丝的方法制备钙钛矿纳米纤维层替代原先的钙钛矿层,充分发挥了纳米纤维超大比表面积的优势,对于提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的转化效率,促进太阳能电池的发展有至关重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Nano fiber is a typical one-dimensional nano material, with large surface area, unique physicochemical properties and attention, nano fiber can be used for energy, catalysis, nano electronic devices, environmental protection filter, textile engineering, environmental governance and other aspects. The preparation of nano fiber technology has many kinds, including electrostatic spinning technology with its simple equipment, low cost, convenient and efficient preparation of nano fiber type more attention, and has been widely used. Zinc Oxide material as a new type of wide band gap materials with wide band gap, high electron mobility, dielectric constant is very small and the conductive good performance etc. the advantages, especially suitable for the production of blue and green light emitting diodes, lasers, piezoelectric sensors and other electronic devices. The utility model has the advantages of nano Zinc Oxide will further expand, can make a sensor with higher sensitivity, higher efficiency High catalytic devices. How to develop the application of nano materials, Zinc Oxide has become the focus of attention of scientific community, to give full play to the development of superior performance of electronic devices and Zinc Oxide materials, we need to know all kinds of Zinc Oxide. We know Zinc Oxide is pure N type semiconductor material, also can through the preparation of other special properties doping N type simple Zinc Oxide, currently Zinc Oxide N semiconductor has been successfully prepared and used. The preparation of stable P Zinc Oxide still has a series of problems, has important significance for the application and development of Zinc Oxide electronic devices. The second chapter introduces the Zinc Oxide P nano lanthanum doped fiber prepared by electrospinning. With a typical perovskite structure. Ba TiO3 has many unique properties, known as the pillar of electronic ceramics industry, is the basic material of electronic ceramic components Material. With the device to integration, miniaturization, nano electronic devices are widely concerned. Barium titanate humidity sensing properties have good piezoelectric properties, and have potential applications in the field of super capacitors. So the preparation of barium titanate nano fibers become meaningful, become the focus of research of the third chapter. The success of the electrospinning method to prepare barium titanate nano fiber, and studied the effect of calcination temperature on barium titanate nano fiber morphology, moreover we use the method of centrifugal electrostatic spinning high orientation barium titanate nanofibers were prepared in parallel, and validated its quick response to humidity sensitive, with wet sensitive characteristics very well. In addition, we also made use of electrospinning method for preparing perovskite nano fiber, used to work exploring solar cells. The solar cell has been recognized by people To solve the current resources is the best method of energy crisis, the traditional silicon-based solar cell has several decades of development, production and consumption, heavy pollution. In recent years, a solar cell with a perovskite structure, with the fast pace of development to attract people's attention, the perovskite solar cell conversion efficiency is reported more than 20%. in perovskite solar cell, which play a vital role is perovskite, and battery light absorption layer for preparing perovskite nano fiber layer instead of the original perovskite layer by electrospinning method, give full play to the nano fiber large surface area advantage, to improve the conversion efficiency of solar cell perovskite is essential to promote the development of solar energy. The significance of the battery.

【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

【共引文献】