碳纤维酚醛树脂基复合材料的制备及摩擦磨损性能的研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 20:20

本文关键词：碳纤维酚醛树脂基复合材料的制备及摩擦磨损性能的研究　出处：《长春工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：碳纤维摩擦材料具有减磨自润滑,耐磨,耐化学腐蚀,减震吸振,降低噪声,密度小,比强度高和加工简单等优良特性,这不仅解决了金属材料难以克服的技术问题,提高了机械设备的使用可靠性,而且还改善了机械结构的技术参数,节约了大量的贵金属材料,降低了机械设备的总体重量,总体的制造成本得到了降低,继而碳纤维摩擦材料已经成为21世纪的新型摩擦材料。本文主要研究,用浓硝酸和硅烷偶联剂(KH550)对PAN基碳纤维(3K)进行表面改性,以酚醛树脂为基体,石墨和PEEK粉末作为摩擦性能调节剂,利用热压成型制备工艺,制备出碳纤维酚醛树脂基复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对碳纤维的结构和表面特性进行研究。通过拉伸试验机对复合材料进行拉伸强度测试,通过MVF-1A型多功能立式摩擦磨损试验机对复合材料进行摩擦磨损测试。结果表明,通过浓硝酸和偶联剂处理后,可以提高碳纤维表面的粗糙度和化学活性,改善碳纤维与酚醛树脂基体之间的界面结合,进而提高了此复合材料的拉伸性能,降低了材料的磨损率。浓硝酸处理碳纤维时间3h,加入硅烷偶联剂,所制备的复合材料拉伸强度为85.79MPa,摩擦系数为0.18,磨损率为3.056×10-6g(N·m)-1基体中加入石墨后,复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率都降低,当基体中添加15wt%石墨时,材料的摩擦系数为0.1,磨损率为0.37×10-6g(N·m)-1,复合材料表现出摩擦学性能的速度稳定性和接触压力稳定性。基体中加入PEEK粉末后,复合材料摩擦系数升高,磨损率降低。当向基体中添加10wt%PEEK粉末时,材料的摩擦系数为0.28,磨损率为0.92×10-6g(N·m)-1,材料的摩擦系数最稳定,当加入15wt%时,复合材料的摩擦系数达到了0.35,表现出纯PEEK的摩擦特性,摩擦系数波动较大,不稳定。复合材料表现出摩擦学的速度稳定性和在较高负载压力下的摩擦学接触压力稳定性。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber friction material has the advantages of anti-wear self-lubrication, abrasion resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, vibration absorption, noise reduction, low density, high specific strength and simple processing. This not only solves the difficult technical problems of metal materials and improves the reliability of mechanical equipment, but also improves the technical parameters of mechanical structure and saves a lot of precious metal materials. Reduce the total weight of mechanical equipment, the overall manufacturing cost has been reduced, then carbon fiber friction material has become a new type of friction materials in 21th century. The surface of PAN based carbon fiber was modified with concentrated nitric acid and silane coupling agent KH 550. Phenolic resin was used as matrix and graphite and PEEK powder as friction modifier. Carbon fiber phenolic resin matrix composites were prepared by hot pressing technology, and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The structure and surface properties of carbon fiber were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The tensile strength of the composites was tested by tensile testing machine. The friction and wear tests of the composites were carried out by MVF-1A multifunctional vertical friction and wear tester. The results showed that the composites were treated with concentrated nitric acid and coupling agent. It can improve the surface roughness and chemical activity of carbon fiber, improve the interfacial bonding between carbon fiber and phenolic resin matrix, and then improve the tensile properties of the composite. The tensile strength and friction coefficient of the composites were 85.79 MPA and 0.18 respectively, and the tensile strength was 85.79 MPA and the friction coefficient was 0.18 when the carbon fiber was treated with concentrated nitric acid for 3 h and silane coupling agent was added. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites decreased with the addition of graphite to the matrix of 3.056 脳 10 ~ (-6) g ~ (-6) g ~ (-1) N 路m ~ (-1), when 15 wt% graphite was added to the matrix. The friction coefficient of the material is 0.1 and the wear rate is 0.37 脳 10 ~ (-6) g ~ (-1) N 路m ~ (-1). The friction coefficient of the composites increased with the addition of PEEK powder. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the material were 0.28 and 0.92 脳 10 ~ (-6) g / m ~ (-1), respectively, when the peek powder was added to the substrate for 10 wts. the friction coefficient was 0.28 and the wear rate was 0.92 脳 10 ~ (-6) g / m ~ (-1). The friction coefficient of the composites reached 0.35 when the material was added 15wt%, showing the friction characteristics of pure PEEK, and the friction coefficient fluctuated greatly. Instability. The composites exhibit tribological velocity stability and tribological contact pressure stability under higher load pressure.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB33

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