碳纤维复合材料切削制孔机理与实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 20:03

本文关键词：碳纤维复合材料切削制孔机理与实验研究　出处：《中北大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：碳纤维复合材料（Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic，CFRP）综合性能突出，具有较高的比刚度和比强度，而且在减振、抗疲劳、耐高温、可设计性方面也优异于传统材料，在航空、航天、国防、汽车等领域拥有着广泛的应用前景。但是碳纤维复合材料机械加工难度较大，特别是CFRP应用中需要大量的孔加工，因此，研究碳提高纤维复合材料制孔质量具有重要意义。本文首先阐述了碳纤维复合材料的国内外关于切削加工、刀具、有限元模拟计算方法等方面的研究现状，，总结了加工中存在的主要缺陷，包括孔的进出口撕裂、毛边、进出口分层、孔壁裂纹、孔壁分层、孔壁表面完整性差。其次，建立了单向碳纤维复合材料的二元切削模型。当纤维方向与切削速度方向一致时，能形成较高质量的表面；而当正前角=135°和负前角0°90°时，切削形成的表面质量较差。对CFRP的钻削过程进行了分析，并探讨了影响切削力的几个影响因素及影响方式，以及不同形式的刀具引起分层的临界轴向力。介绍螺旋铣制孔工艺，分析了螺旋铣切削层形态。最后，使用有限元软件ABAQUS和试验法，研究了不同刀具选用不同切削参数，对CFRP进行制孔过程中所产生的轴向力、制孔缺陷以及刀具磨损的影响。结论显示，出口处的分层缺陷要明显比进口处显著，分层缺陷以加工孔的出口缺陷为主，在孔壁上存在微裂纹和分层缺陷；大后角麻花钻、螺旋铣、台阶钻、烛心钻能够在一定程度上降低轴向力、抑制进出口缺陷产生、减小孔壁分层缺陷，从而提高加工质量。轴向力、孔口分层缺陷和孔壁表面粗糙度均随着进给量的增大而增大，随着主轴转速的增加而降低。并且进给量对轴向力和孔口分层的影响要大于主轴转速，主轴转速对表面粗糙度的影响要大于进给量。硬质合金对CFRP制孔中的主要缺陷为磨粒磨损、崩刃以及切屑粘附。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber composite (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic, CFRP) comprehensive performance is outstanding, has high specific stiffness and strength, but also in vibration, anti fatigue, high temperature resistant, can be designed is superior to traditional materials, in aviation, aerospace, defense, automotive and other fields have a wide application prospect. But the carbon fiber composite machining is difficult, especially in the application of CFRP need to be processed, a series of holes so the research has important significance to improve carbon fiber composite drilling quality.
This paper first describes the carbon fiber composite materials at home and abroad on the cutting tool, the current situation of research on finite element simulation method, summarizes the main defects existing in the processing of import and export, including hole tear, burr, import and export of stratification, hole wall crack, hole wall stratification, hole wall surface integrity is poor.
Secondly, the establishment of two yuan of cutting model of unidirectional carbon fiber composites. When the fiber direction and cutting speed in the same direction, the surface can form high quality; and when the positive rake angle of =135 degrees and negative rake angle is 0 degrees 90 degrees, the cutting surface quality is not formed. The drilling process in CFRP analyzes and discusses some influence of cutting force and influence factors, the critical axial force and tool in different forms. The delamination spiral milling drilling technology, analysis of the helical milling cutting layer shape.
Finally, using finite element software ABAQUS and experimental method, the effects of different cutting parameters on the axial force, hole defect and tool wear during CFRP drilling are studied.
The conclusion shows that the outlet of the delamination defects than the entrance to exit defects significantly, delamination holes, micro cracks and delamination defects in the hole on the wall; after the angle of twist drill, spiral milling, step drill, drill wick can reduce the axial force in a certain extent, inhibit the import and export of defects the hole wall, reduce the delamination defect, so as to improve the machining quality. The axial force, orifice delamination defects and pore wall surface roughness increases with the increase of the amount of feed, reduce with the increase of spindle speed and feed rate. And the influence on the axial force and the orifice layer is greater than the spindle speed, spindle speed on surface roughness the effect is greater than the feed. The main defects of CFRP hard alloy drilling system for abrasive wear, chipping and chip adhesion.

【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ342.74;TB33

【参考文献】