纳米受限水的研究进展

发布时间：2018-01-10 03:04

本文关键词：纳米受限水的研究进展　出处：《物理化学学报》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：水是生命之源,在人类生存和社会生产中扮演了极其重要的角色,然而水的反常性质及在物理、化学、生物过程等领域中的作用和机理却仍存在很多谜团。近年来,水科学研究已逐渐成为科学研究的热点之一。地球上的水大部分是体相水,但在自然界和科学研究中,水同样会以界面/受限水的形式参与到物理、化学过程中。纳米受限水普遍存在于自然及合成的纳米环境中,受限水与体相水的差异主要体现在水的动力学及热力学性质的改变,受限水的存在对材料在生物、环境、地质和传感器等领域的应用也具有深远的影响。本文对纳米受限水的结构进行分析,并归纳了纳米受限水的动力学、热力学以及电学特性,对纳米受限水的研究手段及发展历程进行分类总结,举例介绍了纳米受限水在环境和能源等领域的潜在应用,最后对受限水研究进展及存在问题进行了总结,并对其后续发展进行展望。
[Abstract]:Water is the Source of Life, plays a very important role in human life and social production, but the anomalous properties of water and in the physical, chemical, biological effect and mechanism of process in the field but there are still many mysteries. In recent years, water science research has gradually become one of the research hotspot of earth science. Most of the water is bulk water, but in the nature and the scientific research, the water will also interface with water / limited forms of participation in physical, chemical process. Confined water exists in the natural and synthetic nano environment, limited water and bulk water difference is mainly reflected in the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of water the change of the existence of confined water environment on the material in the application field, biological, geological and sensor also has the profound influence. This dissertation analyzes the structure of nano confined water dynamics, and summarizes the confined water, Thermodynamic and electrical properties, research methods and development of nano water confined and summarized, illustrates the potential application of nano confined water in environmental and energy fields, the progress and existing problem of limited water research are summarized, and the future development prospects.

【作者单位】：同济大学长江水环境教育部重点实验室;上海应用技术学院化学与环境工程学院;江苏盐城环保产业工程研发服务中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21577099,51408362) 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20151300)资助项目~~
【分类号】：TB383.1
【正文快照】： 1引言水与生命息息相关,在生产生活的各个方面,水以其独特的性质发挥着无可替代的作用。水分子由一个氧原子和两个氢原子组成,虽然结构简单,但是水却具有很多不同寻常的性质,如水的熔点、沸点、介电常数、表面张力、热容和相变热均比质量和组成相近的分子高得多,水的密度较低,

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