基于二氧化锰和碳基材料的复合电容材料制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 08:12

  本文关键词：基于二氧化锰和碳基材料的复合电容材料制备及性能研究　出处：《西北师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 碳纳米管 碳纤维 超级电容器 异质结 二氧化锰 电纺技术

【摘要】：超级电容器是一种近年来得到广泛研究的储存电能的器件,对其研究主要集中在电极材料的选取和制备。碳纳米材料、金属性活泼的氧化物、具有优秀导电性的聚合物和由它们构成的复合物是高性能电容器的重要电极原料。获得高效的复合电极原料是目前电容器研究的核心,本论文是将制备的三维自支撑碳纳米管/碳纤维异质复合结构与二氧化锰结合形成复合材料,并将该复合材料用于自支撑超级电容器的电极材料,经过测试仪器的试验发现该电极原料拥有优异的电容效应。另外,并用该电极材料组装对称的超级电容器,通过实验测试发现该对称电容器具有很好的柔韧性和稳定性。本论文中,首先利用电纺技术制得掺杂乙酰丙酮铁的聚丙烯腈纳米纤维,再将所得到的纳米纤维碳化得到碳纤维。最后以碳纤维为基底、乙酰丙酮铁为催化剂,在800℃的反应温度下,使用CVD方法获得自支撑的CNTs/CNF。所制备的碳纤维/碳纳米管具有高的导电率(1250 S/cm)、大的比表面积和优异的柔韧性。在中性的高锰酸钾溶液中反应0.5h的CNTs/CNF并获得CNTs/CNF/MnO2,通过计算CNTs/CNF/MnO2复合电极材料在扫描速率是5 mVs-1时的比容量高达517 Fg-1,另外用GCD方法测试比电容1000次后仍保留初始值的75%,即表现出优秀的电容重复性。通过对比实验并测试可以发现在具有相同活性质量的CNTs/CNF/MnO2复合电极材料的电化学性能远远优于CNF/MnO2复合电极材料。最终,使用两片CNTs/CNF/MnO2复合电极原料构造了对称的高性能电容器,该对称的高性能电容器在功率密度是7000 W/kg时,获得最大能量密度值3.88 Wh/kg。将组装的超级电容器弯曲100次后其电容仍保持在初始值的70%。通过对比实验数据可以发现我们设计的这种异质结构可以增强电极材料的电化学性能,同时也能够认为这类自支撑CNTs/CNF/MnO2异质复合原料在柔性高性能电容器中拥有很大的发展潜力。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitor is a widely studied device for storing electrical energy in recent years. The research focuses on the selection and preparation of electrode materials carbon nanomaterials and active oxides with gold properties. Polymers with excellent conductivity and their composites are important electrode materials for high performance capacitors. The core of capacitor research is to obtain high efficiency composite electrode materials. In this thesis, the 3D self-supporting carbon nanotube / carbon fiber heterocomposite structure is combined with manganese dioxide to form the composite, and the composite is used as the electrode material of self-supporting supercapacitor. It is found that the electrode material has excellent capacitance effect. In addition, a symmetrical supercapacitor is assembled with the electrode material. The experimental results show that the symmetric capacitor has good flexibility and stability. In this thesis, the polyacrylonitrile nanofibers doped with acetylacetone iron were prepared by electrospinning technology. Carbon fiber was obtained by carbonization of the obtained nanofibers. Finally, the reaction temperature was 800 鈩，

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