Mg-Fe-La复合材料的制备表征及其除氟性能研究
发布时间:2018-01-12 09:03
本文关键词:Mg-Fe-La复合材料的制备表征及其除氟性能研究 出处:《青海师范大学》2015年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
更多相关文章: 察尔汗盐湖老卤 Mg-Fe-La复合材料 吸附 除氟
【摘要】:本文以察尔汗盐湖老卤为主要原料,采用简单的共沉淀法,成功制备了对氟离子具有较高吸附容量的Mg-Fe-La复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和比表面积(BET)等手段对复合材料的组成结构和界面特性等进行了表征分析。本文还研究了Mg-Fe-La复合材料的吸附热力学和动力学,并评价了其安全性。最后,进行了固相萃取实验,提出了可能的吸附机理。实验结论如下:(1)以察尔汗盐湖老卤为主要原料,采用共沉淀法成功制备了Mg-Fe-La复合材料。实验证明,盐湖老卤中的Ca2+和Cl-对复合材料的除氟性能没有影响。当Mg/Fe/La的摩尔比例为25:1:4,制备温度为室温(25℃),煅烧温度为400℃时,Mg-Fe-La复合除氟材料的最大吸附容量为112.17 mg/g。(2)能谱分析结果表明,Mg-Fe-La复合材料的实际组成比例与理论组成比例基本一致。Mg-Fe-La复合材料的比表面积为178.55 m2/g,孔径为31.16 nm,平均粒径为0.727μm。(3)吸附热力学研究表明,Mg-Fe-La复合材料吸附氟离子符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,属于单层吸附。相关热力学参数证明该吸附过程一个自发的放热过程,降低温度有利于吸附行为的发生。(4)吸附动力学研究表明,Mg-Fe-La复合材料吸附氟离子4 h后达到平衡状态。氟离子在Mg-Fe-La复合材料上的吸附过程主要是以不可逆的化学吸附为主,且该吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。(5)固相萃取实验表明,Mg-Fe-La复合材料可以用于动态吸附,且对水样p H无影响。ICP分析结果表明,Mg-Fe-La复合材料在吸附过程中没有金属离子溶出,不会造成二次污染。(6)综合FT-IR、XPS及Zeta电位分析结果,并结合吸附动力学和热力学模型,得出Mg-Fe-La复合材料的吸附机理主要是络合作用和离子交换作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the old brine of Chaerhan Salt Lake was used as the main raw material, and a simple coprecipitation method was used. Mg-Fe-La composites with high adsorption capacity for fluorine ions have been successfully prepared by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and specific surface area (BET). The composition, structure and interfacial properties of Mg-Fe-La composites were characterized by other means. The adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics of Mg-Fe-La composites were also studied in this paper. Finally, the solid phase extraction experiment was carried out, and the possible adsorption mechanism was proposed. The experimental results are as follows: 1) the main raw material is the old halogen in Chaerhan Salt Lake. Mg-Fe-La composites were successfully prepared by coprecipitation method. The Ca2 and Cl- in the old brine of salt lake have no effect on the defluorination performance of the composite. When the molar ratio of Mg/Fe/La is 25: 1: 4, the preparation temperature is 25 鈩,
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