机床用树脂矿物复合材料的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 09:22

本文关键词：机床用树脂矿物复合材料的制备及性能研究　出处：《南京理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：树脂矿物复合材料是以有机树脂作为粘结剂,天然矿物颗粒为骨料并适当添加增强增韧组分制备而成的一种新型工程材料,可在室温下一次浇铸成型,具有良好的阻尼减振性,且制造周期短、生产成本低,满足制造机床高精度、高效率、低成本的要求,通常用于制备精密机床的床身、底座等基础构件。本文通过对树脂矿物复合材料的综合力学性能和阻尼性能进行了较详细的研究,总结出各项因素的影响规律,从而确定出较优的配比范围,主要研究内容及结论：基于树脂矿物复合材料的组分特征与反应机理,优选树脂系统、骨料与辅助组分等原料同时优化制备工艺,以较短的实验周期完成试样的制备。在此基础上,通过实验与理论分析,结合宏观力学性能表征获得最佳树脂系统的用量。采用分形理论合理设计骨料级配,研究不同分形级配下树脂矿物复合材料的结构与性能,研究发现：随着级配分维数从2.1增加至2.6,树脂矿物复合材料的力学性能发生明显变化。当级配分维数为2.4时,树脂矿物复合材料的力学性能最优,其立方体抗压强度为162.9 MPa、轴心抗压强度为126.7 MPa、抗折强度为34.9 MPa、弹性模量为43.7GPa,泊松比为0.213,并且微观结构与宏观性能特征相一致。添加不同长度的钢纤维,并得出当钢纤维长度为8mm时,综合力学性能最优。当添加钢纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维时,可得出玻璃纤维增韧增强的效果最明显,其次碳纤维和钢纤维；并借助SEM探讨微观结构和断口形貌,且发现微观界面分析结果与宏观力学性能分析结果相吻合。基于单因素实验,系统地分析了树脂系统、骨料级配及纤维掺量等对树脂矿物复合材料阻尼性能的影响规律,结果表明：树脂系统对树脂矿物复合材料的阻尼减振性能起主要作用,阻尼比为铸铁材料的6-8倍。同时合理的骨料级配与纤维掺量能够进一步提高材料的阻尼比。
[Abstract]:Resin mineral composite is a new kind of engineering material, which is made of organic resin as binder, natural mineral particle as aggregate and appropriate reinforcing and toughening component. It can be cast at room temperature. It has good damping and vibration absorption, short manufacturing period and low production cost. It meets the requirements of high precision, high efficiency and low cost of manufacturing machine tools. It is usually used to prepare the bed of precision machine tools. In this paper, the comprehensive mechanical properties and damping properties of resin mineral composites are studied in detail, and the influence laws of various factors are summarized. Main research contents and conclusions: based on the composition characteristics and reaction mechanism of resin mineral composites, the optimal resin selection system, aggregate and auxiliary components and other raw materials at the same time optimized preparation process. The sample was prepared in a short experimental period. On this basis, through experimental and theoretical analysis, combined with the macroscopic mechanical properties to obtain the best resin system dosage. The fractal theory was used to reasonably design aggregate gradation. The structure and properties of resin mineral composites with different fractal gradation were studied. It was found that the fractal dimension increased from 2.1 to 2.6. The mechanical properties of resin mineral composites are obviously changed. When the partition dimension is 2. 4, the mechanical properties of resin mineral composites are the best, and the cube compressive strength is 162.9 MPa. The axial compressive strength is 126.7 MPA, the flexural strength is 34.9 MPA, the elastic modulus is 43.7 GPA, and the Poisson's ratio is 0.213. And the microstructure is consistent with the macroscopic properties. When different length of steel fiber is added, when the length of steel fiber is 8 mm, the comprehensive mechanical properties are the best. When steel fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber are added. It can be concluded that the toughening and strengthening effect of glass fiber is the most obvious, followed by carbon fiber and steel fiber. The microstructure and fracture morphology of the resin were discussed by SEM, and it was found that the results of micro interface analysis were consistent with the results of macro mechanical properties analysis. Based on the single factor experiment, the resin system was systematically analyzed. The effects of aggregate gradation and fiber content on the damping properties of resin mineral composites are studied. The results show that the resin system plays an important role in damping and vibration absorption of resin mineral composites. The damping ratio is 6-8 times of that of cast iron, and the reasonable aggregate gradation and fiber content can further improve the damping ratio of the material.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG502;TB33

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