多功能超疏水抗菌材料的制备及其表面性能的研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 16:44

本文关键词：多功能超疏水抗菌材料的制备及其表面性能的研究　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：细菌等微生物易在材料表面滋生并形成生物膜,给人类的生活、健康以及工业生产带来极大的威胁。经济的发展也产生了很多环境问题,比如海上原油泄漏和含油污水等的大量排放导致的水体浮油污染。近年来研究发现超疏水/超亲油、超亲水/水下超疏油等超浸润表面具有很好的防污及油水分离性能。然而,目前已有的超疏水表面大多抗菌效果不长效,也会对环境产生一定的影响,而油水分离材料表面易受油和微生物等的污染导致分离效率降低。因此开发抗菌效果持久、环境友好、可智能性响应的多功能超浸润材料具有重要意义。鉴于此,本论文将季铵盐(QAS)改性的含氟聚合物,与表面富含羟甲基的聚脲醛纳米粒子(PUFNPs)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HMDI)发生交联反应,制备出超疏水抗菌涂层。通过SEM、AFM研究了涂层表面形貌,证实了 PUFNPs的引入增大了表面的粗糙度,并形成具有微纳多尺度结构。通过XPS和接触角测试进一步研究了表面化学组成对润湿性能的影响,指出表面氟元素和N+含量成为影响涂层润湿性的主要因素。所制备的涂层具有优异的自清洁性和疏液性,并可用于多种基材上。此外,经过20次交叉切口胶带循环和16次磨损循环后,涂层依然有很好的机械稳定性。最后抗菌测试结果表明当N+含量高于0.11%,所得的涂层对E.coli和S.aureus的杀菌率均在82%以上,甚至可达到100%。为了进一步得到响应性的智能型材料,论文将甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)引入到含氟抗菌聚合物中,并与PUFNPs、HMDI在棉织物上进行交联,制备出智能型超疏水抗菌织物。用SEM、XPS研究了不同pH溶液处理后的织物的表面形貌和化学组成,发现表面具有微纳复合结构,而且pH溶液处理并不会破坏其表面形貌,但会对其表面N+含量产生影响。当用酸液处理后,N+含量明显升高。用接触角考察了所制备织物的pH响应性能,表明其被酸液处理时才出现润湿性的变化,且随着pH降低,织物的pH响应时间减小,最终变成超亲水表面。另外,所得的超疏水抗菌织物被油污染后仍具有优良的自清洁性,经不同pH处理后也保持着较高的抗菌率(高于80%)。油水分离实验结果显示,响应性织物在经过pH响应后实现了从超疏水/超亲油性向超亲水/水下超疏油性的转变,从而可以选择性地分离或吸附油水混合液中的油相和水相。
[Abstract]:Bacteria and other microorganisms can easily breed on the surface of materials and form biofilm, which brings great threat to human life, health and industrial production. The economic development has also produced a lot of environmental problems. For example, the oil slick pollution caused by the oil leakage and the discharge of oily sewage, etc. In recent years, it has been found that superhydrophobic / hydrophilic water is superhydrophobic or hydrophilic. Super-hydrophilic / ultra-hydrophobic surfaces have good anti-fouling and oil-water separation properties. However, most of the existing superhydrophobic surfaces do not have long antibacterial effects, which will also have a certain impact on the environment. However, the surface of oil-water separation materials is easy to be polluted by oil and microorganism, which leads to the decrease of separation efficiency. Therefore, the development of antimicrobial effect is long-lasting and environmentally friendly. In view of the importance of intelligent multi-functional superwetting materials, the fluorinated polymer modified by quaternary ammonium salt QASis is of great significance. The superhydrophobic antibacterial coating was prepared by crosslinking with polyurea-formaldehyde nanoparticles (PUFNPs) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). The surface morphology of the coating was studied by AFM, which confirmed that the introduction of PUFNPs increased the surface roughness. The effect of surface chemical composition on wettability was further studied by XPS and contact angle measurements. It is pointed out that the content of fluoride and N on the surface is the main factor affecting the wettability of the coating. The coating has excellent self-cleaning and hydrophobic properties and can be used in many kinds of substrates. After 20 cross-notch tape cycles and 16 wear cycles, the coating still has good mechanical stability. Finally, the antibacterial test results show that when N content is higher than 0.11%. The bactericidal rates of the coatings on E. coli and S. aureus were above 82%, even up to 1000.In order to obtain more responsive intelligent materials, N methacrylate was prepared in this paper. N-dimethylaminoethyl ester (DMAEMA) was introduced into fluorine-containing antimicrobial polymer and crosslinked with PUFNPsHMDI on cotton fabric to prepare intelligent super-hydrophobic antibacterial fabric. SEM was used to prepare the super hydrophobic antibacterial fabric. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the fabric treated with different pH solutions were studied by XPS. It was found that the surface had micro-nano composite structure and the surface morphology was not destroyed by the treatment of pH solution. When treated with acid solution, the content of N increased obviously. The pH response of the prepared fabric was investigated by contact angle. It shows that the wettability changes only when treated with acid solution, and with the decrease of pH, the pH response time of the fabric decreases, and finally becomes super hydrophilic surface. The super-hydrophobic antibacterial fabric still has excellent self-cleaning property after being polluted by oil, and the antimicrobial rate is higher after different pH treatment (higher than 800.The result of oil-water separation experiment shows that the anti-bacterial rate is higher than 80%). After pH response, the responsive fabric can change from super hydrophobic / super hydrophilic to super hydrophilic / underwater super hydrophobicity, which can selectively separate or adsorb the oil and water phases in the oil / water mixture.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB34

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