聚苯乙烯微球的改性及其包覆复合材料的制备和性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 05:09

  本文关键词：聚苯乙烯微球的改性及其包覆复合材料的制备和性能研究　出处：《齐鲁工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 聚苯乙烯 银 聚吡咯 中空二氧化硅微球

【摘要】：本文首先对聚苯乙烯微球的制备和改性进行了研究,随后呈现出了一种新颖的聚苯乙烯/银/聚吡咯纳米复合材料的制备方法。通过分散聚合法制备出的聚苯乙烯微球的粒径大小为740nm,对其进行磺化处理以便其能被用做模板去制备聚苯乙烯/银/聚吡咯纳米复合材料。通过静电吸附作用将[Ag(NH3)2]+吸附在磺化的聚苯乙烯微球表面,随后[Ag(NH3)2]+被吡咯单体还原成银纳米粒子,吡咯被氧化聚合成聚毗咯获得聚苯乙烯/银/聚毗咯纳米复合材料。复合材料在有机染料的还原方面表现出优良的催化性能,这说明复合材料在催化领域有着广阔的应用前景。在实验过程中,将用于模板的单分散聚苯乙烯微球浸入到浓硫酸中使磺酸基团接枝在聚苯乙烯微球表面,之后将磺化聚苯乙烯微球分散在无水乙醇中,随着新制备的银氨溶液的加入,在室温条件下[Ag(NH3)2]+被吸附在聚苯乙烯上制得聚苯乙烯/[Ag(NH3)2]+微球,水洗两次后,[Ag(NH3)2]+的还原反应和吡咯单体的氧化聚合反应在聚苯乙烯微球表面同时进行,制得聚苯乙烯/银/聚吡咯纳米复合材料。本文同时也呈现出了一种新的制备二氧化硅中空微球的方法。二氧化硅微球包覆在磺化的聚苯乙烯模板微球上,在醇碱溶液中移除模板微球直接制得二氧化硅中空微球。在二氧化硅中空微球的形成过程中,额外的煅烧步骤在该方法中是不需要的,同时溶解条件是比较温和的,即不需要高温也不要长时间的溶解移除聚苯乙烯微球。在实验中,模板微球依然通过分散聚合法制得,制得的单分散聚苯乙烯微球首先在浓硫酸中被磺化处理,随着氨水催化正硅酸乙酯的水解,二氧化硅包覆在磺化聚苯乙烯微球表面上,这是由于磺酸基基团和二氧化硅表面的羟基之间具有较好的相溶性。然而,磺酸基和羟基均带有负电荷能够阻碍二氧化硅/聚苯乙烯微球的形成。为了解决这一问题,我们采用控制磺化度的方法来降低排斥力,以便在二氧化硅/聚苯乙烯复合微球形成的过程中,极性之间的相溶性起主导作用。在60℃醇碱溶液中在将聚苯乙烯模板微球移除掉获得二氧化硅中空微球。
[Abstract]:Firstly, the preparation and modification of polystyrene microspheres were studied. A novel method of preparing polystyrene / silver / polypyrrole nanocomposites was presented. The particle size of polystyrene microspheres prepared by dispersion polymerization was 740nm. It was sulfonated so that it could be used as a template to prepare polystyrene / silver / polypyrrole nanocomposites. [Ag(NH3)2] adsorbed on the surface of sulfonated polystyrene microspheres, then. [Ag(NH3)2 was reduced to silver nanoparticles by pyrrole monomer. Polystyrene / silver / polypyrrole nanocomposites were prepared by oxidative polymerization of pyrrole. The composite showed excellent catalytic performance in the reduction of organic dyes. During the experiment, the monodisperse polystyrene microspheres used for template were immersed in concentrated sulfuric acid, and the sulfonic groups were grafted on the surface of polystyrene microspheres. The sulfonated polystyrene microspheres were then dispersed in anhydrous ethanol. With the addition of the newly prepared silver ammonia solution, at room temperature, [Ag(NH3)2] adsorbed on polystyrene to produce polystyrene /. [Ag(NH3)2 microspheres, washed twice, [The reduction reaction of Ag(NH3)2 and the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer were carried out simultaneously on the surface of polystyrene microspheres. Polystyrene / silver / polypyrrole nanocomposites were prepared. A new method of preparing silica hollow microspheres was also presented in this paper. Silica microspheres were coated on sulfonated polystyrene template microspheres. Silica hollow microspheres were directly prepared by removing template microspheres from alkaloid solution. During the formation of silica hollow microspheres, additional calcination steps were not required in this method. At the same time, the dissolution conditions are mild, that is, the polystyrene microspheres need not be dissolved and removed for a long time without high temperature. In the experiment, the template microspheres are still prepared by dispersion polymerization. The monodisperse polystyrene microspheres were first sulfonated in concentrated sulfuric acid. With the hydrolysis of ethyl orthosilicate catalyzed by ammonia silica was coated on the surface of sulfonated polystyrene microspheres. This is due to the better compatibility between the sulfonic groups and the hydroxyl groups on the silica surface. Both sulfonic groups and hydroxyl groups with negative charge can hinder the formation of silica / polystyrene microspheres. In order to solve this problem, we use the method of controlling the degree of sulfonation to reduce the repulsive force. In order to form silica / polystyrene composite microspheres, the compatibility between polarity played a leading role, and the polystyrene template microspheres were removed to obtain silica hollow microspheres in 60 鈩，

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