三层玻璃相变窗的动态传热性能研究与能耗分析

发布时间：2018-01-16 18:36

本文关键词：三层玻璃相变窗的动态传热性能研究与能耗分析　出处：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建筑节能对全社会节能减排的实现至关重要,提高窗体的保温隔热性能是实现建筑节能的重要途径。相变窗利用相变材料提高窗体的热容,能够调节空调及供暖负荷。然而随着对双层玻璃相变窗越来越多的研究发现虽然其具备上述优势,也显现一些问题,包括夏季白天发生的过热风险、夜晚会向室内产生不必要放热及整体导热系数大引起的冬季供暖负荷增加等。为解决上述问题,本文在双层玻璃相变窗的基础上,基于填充相同质量相变材料的标准,提出一种室外侧玻璃夹层含相变材料、室内侧玻璃夹层含空气的三层玻璃相变窗,通过实验和数值模拟具体研究了其动态传热特性,在实验和模拟的基础上,利用能耗软件对其进行了能耗分析。为了突出三层玻璃相变窗解决上述问题的能力,两个对照组玻璃窗(双层玻璃相变窗与三层玻璃中空窗)的相关研究也同时进行。首先,搭建了三层玻璃相变窗与对照组玻璃窗的动态传热性能对比装置,通过实验得到三种窗体在夏季工况下的内壁面温度及热流变化情况。结果表明：三层玻璃相变窗在夏季工况下起到良好的减缓室内气温波动和节省空调能耗的作用。夏季晴天时,三层玻璃相变窗相比于双层玻璃相变窗和三层玻璃中空窗,内壁面峰值温度分别降低2.7℃和5.5℃,抑制了过热风险的发生,峰值温度延迟效果较好,通过窗体传入室内的热量分别降低16.6%和28%,夜间相变材料释能阶段,其内壁面逐时温度和热流相比于双层玻璃相变窗显著降低,减小了相变材料向室内的不必要散热量。夏季阴雨天时,三层玻璃相变窗内壁面峰值温度有所降低,延迟峰值温度效果不佳,通过其进入室内的热量相比于双层玻璃相变窗显著降低,相比于三层玻璃中空窗只有少许增加。其次,为了针对多种典型天气工况研究三层玻璃相变窗的动态传热性能,弥补实验条件的不足,建立该窗体和对照组玻璃窗的数值模型,对三种窗体在夏热冬冷地区冬夏典型天气条件下的动态传热性能进行对比分析。FLUENT模拟结果表明,三层玻璃相变窗能兼顾夏季隔热和冬季保温,维持室内的热舒适性。典型夏季工况下,三层玻璃相变窗能够降低内壁面峰值温度,避免过热风险,减缓内壁面温度波动,减少通过其传入室内的热量,节约空调能耗。典型冬季工况下,三层玻璃相变窗内壁面峰值温度延迟效果显著,相比于双层玻璃相变窗,其内壁面温度的波动幅度显著减小,夜间流向室外的内壁面逐时热流显著减小,节约供暖能耗；相比于三层玻璃中空窗,内壁面最低温度有所降低,流向室外的内壁面逐时热流只有少量增加(尤其在夜间),内壁面温度晴天和阴天的衰减效果不一。在此基础上,模拟研究了相变材料层的位置对三层玻璃相变窗的影响,得到在夏季典型晴天工况下相变材料层的较优位置。最后,为了研究三层玻璃相变窗相对于两个对照组玻璃窗对建筑全年能耗的影响,本文利用能耗模拟软件eQUEST计算了夏热冬冷地区某住宅分别采用上述三种窗体时的全年能耗变化情况。结果表明：在夏热冬冷地区,建筑物采用三层玻璃相变窗相比于采用三层玻璃中空窗和双层玻璃相变窗,夏季供冷能耗分别降低9.45%和3.06%,冬季供暖能耗分别增加9.5%和降低18.33%,全年能耗分别降低4.55%和8.16%。三层玻璃相变窗能兼顾冬季保温和夏季隔热,在夏热冬冷地区使用该窗体有较大的节能潜力。
[Abstract]:It is important to realize the building energy efficiency of the whole society of energy saving and emission reduction, improve the form of the heat insulation performance is an important way to realize the transformation of the building energy saving. The use of phase change materials to improve the form of the window heat capacity, can adjust the air conditioning and heating load. With the research on the double glass transition window more and more found that although it has the above advantages, also appeared some the problem, including the risk of overheating in summer during the day, night to produce unnecessary heat and indoor thermal conductivity coefficient caused by the heating load in winter increased. In order to solve the above problems, based on the double glass transition window, filled with the same quality of phase change materials based on standard, proposed an outdoor side glass sandwich with phase change materials, three layers of glass transition window glass interlayer containing air indoor side, by experiment and numerical simulation of specific studies the dynamic characteristics of heat transfer in solid Based on the simulation and experiment, it analyses the energy consumption of energy consumption software. In order to highlight the ability of three layers of glass transition window to solve the above problems, the two control group (double glazing window glass transition and three layers of glass hollow window) related research at the same time. First, build the three layers of glass transition the control window and the dynamic heat transfer performance comparison device of glass window, get the wall temperature and heat flux changes of three kinds of forms in summer conditions through experiments. The results show that the three layer glass transition window has good slow indoor temperature fluctuation and air conditioning energy saving effect in summer conditions. In summer, three compared to the double layer glass transition window glass transition window and three layers of glass hollow window, the inner surface of the peak temperature decreased by 2.7 degrees and 5.5 degrees, to curb the overheating risk, the peak temperature of the delay effect is good, by The form into the indoor heat is reduced by 16.6% and 28% respectively, the night phase change material release stage, the inner surface of the hourly temperature and heat flux compared to the double glass window phase decreased significantly, reduce unnecessary indoor heat dissipation to the phase change material quantity. The summer rainy days, three layers of glass transition window wall peak temperature decreased. Delay the peak temperature effect is poor, compared the heat into the room in a double glass transition window was significantly reduced, compared to the three layers of glass hollow window only slightly increased. Secondly, in order to study the typical weather condition of various dynamic heat transfer performance of three layers of glass transition window, make up for lack of experimental conditions, the numerical model is established for the form and control group of glass windows were analyzed,.FLUENT simulation results show that the dynamic heat transfer performance of three kinds of forms in the summer and winter in hot summer and cold winter area under typical weather conditions, three layers of glass Phase change window can take into account the summer heat and winter heat preservation, maintain indoor thermal comfort. The typical summer conditions, three layers of glass transition window can reduce the peak temperature of the inner wall, to avoid the risk of overheating, slow down the wall temperature fluctuation, by reducing its incoming indoor heat, energy saving air-conditioning. The typical winter conditions, three layers of glass phase change window wall peak temperature delay significantly, compared to the double glass window transformation, the fluctuation of the temperature of the inner wall surface heat flux decreased significantly, significantly reduced the inner surface of the night to the outdoor hourly, save heating energy consumption; compared to the three layers of glass hollow window, the inner surface of the lowest temperature decreased, the inner surface of the flow of outdoor only a small increase in hourly heat flux (especially at night), the attenuation effect of inner wall temperature in sunny and cloudy or not. On this basis, the simulation of the phase change material layer of three layers of glass Effect of phase window, get better position the phase change material layer is a typical clear day in summer conditions. Finally, in order to study the phase transition of three layers of glass window relative to the control group two window effect on building annual energy consumption, the energy simulation software eQUEST annual energy consumption changes in hot summer and cold winter region residential respectively by the three when a form is calculated. The results show that: in the hot summer and cold winter, the building adopts three layers of glass transition window compared to using three layers of glass windows and double hollow glass transition window, summer cooling energy consumption decreased by 9.45% and 3.06% respectively, the winter heating energy consumption increased by 9.5% and decreased by 18.33%, the annual energy consumption decreased by 4.55% and 8.16%. three the glass transition layer window can both winter and summer heat preservation and heat insulation, have great potential of energy saving in the form of hot summer and cold winter area.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU228;TB34

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