磁性纳米复合材料的制备及其催化、吸附性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 19:03

本文关键词：磁性纳米复合材料的制备及其催化、吸附性能研究　出处：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,经济的迅速发展带来的环境污染和能源短缺问题日趋引人注目,因而寻找治理环境的高效方法和开发新型清洁能源成为国内外研究的热点。纳米材料的高效催化活性已经引起人们的高度关注,如对硝基苯酚的还原和有机染料的吸附降解。纳米催化活性和磁性的结合为催化剂的再生和利用提供了便利。本论文利用一步还原法合成了Bi纳米颗粒,并通过改变分散剂的种类和用量来控制纳米粒子的颗粒大小和分散性。采用红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、热重分析(TGA)等测试手段对纳米材料进行了表征。研究表明相比较于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,利用天然大分子可溶性淀粉作分散剂所合成的纳米粒子在空气和水溶液中更加稳定,而且还具有较高的催化活性,可以用来催化污水中的对硝基苯酚和有机染料。以氯化铁、氯化镍和氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料,利用水热法合成了NiFe2O4/还原石墨烯(RGO)复合材料,通过改变溶剂的种类和原料的比例控制NiFe2O4颗粒的大小和分散性。所制得的复合材料对有机染料表现出较高的吸附性和催化降解性。由于NiFe2O4/RGO具有磁性,反应后很容易从反应体系中吸去,可重复多次使用而不影响吸附和催化效率。采用同样的合成方法制备了CuFe2O4/RGO复合材料,并通过改变反应条件得到了不同形状和大小的CuFe2O4纳米颗粒。CuFe2O4/RGO作为催化剂,可快速、高效地将硼氢化钠水解,获取新型能源-氢能。
[Abstract]:In recent years, environmental pollution and energy shortage caused by the rapid development of economy are attracting more and more attention. Therefore, finding efficient methods to control the environment and developing new clean energy has become a hot topic at home and abroad. The high efficient catalytic activity of nanomaterials has attracted great attention. For example, the reduction of p-nitrophenol and the adsorption and degradation of organic dyes. The combination of nano-catalytic activity and magnetic properties facilitated the regeneration and utilization of the catalyst. In this paper, Bi nanoparticles were synthesized by one-step reduction method. The size and dispersity of nanoparticles were controlled by changing the type and amount of dispersant. The nano-materials were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and compared with polyvinylpyrrolidone. The nanoparticles synthesized by using natural macromolecular soluble starch as dispersant are more stable in air and aqueous solution and have higher catalytic activity. It can be used to catalyze p-nitrophenol and organic dyestuffs in wastewater. The raw materials are ferric chloride, nickel chloride and graphene oxide. NiFe2O4 / reduced graphene RGOcomposites were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The size and dispersity of NiFe2O4 particles were controlled by changing the kinds of solvents and the proportion of raw materials. The composites showed high absorbability and catalytic degradation to organic dyes. O4 / RGO is magnetic. CuFe2O4/RGO composites were prepared by the same synthesis method, which could be easily absorbed from the reaction system and could be reused for many times without affecting the adsorption and catalytic efficiency. By changing the reaction conditions, different shapes and sizes of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles. CuFe2O4 / RGO were obtained as catalysts, which can hydrolyze sodium borohydride quickly and efficiently. To obtain a new type of energy-hydrogen energy.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;TB33

【相似文献】