超疏水基底的制备及SERS测试方法的优化

发布时间：2018-01-19 13:29

本文关键词： 超疏水表面增强拉曼散射高灵敏化学方法　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：表面增强拉曼散射(Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,SERS)是一种杰出的分析方法,对于稀释到单分子浓度的溶液具有灵敏响应。自从1974年被发现以来,一直受到学者们的高度关注。由于其具有分子指纹识别能力,SERS被广泛应用于化学分析、环境监测、生物传感等领域。由贵金属纳米结构构筑的SERS基底可以提供强的局域电磁场(Hot Spot),当分子吸附在强电磁场中时,分子的拉曼散射信号被显著提高。得益于近年来微纳米加工技术的发展,诸多新奇的金属纳米结构被设计出来以便于获得更高的拉曼增强因子。尽管这些纳米结构具有较高的增强因子,但是依然很难达到单分子检测水平。同时纳米结构的加工与制备依然需要高能耗的加工制备手段,这在成本上限制了拉曼检测在现实生活中的应用。本文着眼于如何利用简单的加工制备手段制备出具有较高检测灵敏度的拉曼基底,并且在降低检测成本和提高检测灵敏度方面做出讨论。本文围绕发展用简单方法制备高灵敏度的拉曼检测基底,以及如何提高拉曼检测灵敏度展开工作,主要包括以下两个部分:一、利用纸作为基底,通过涂料喷涂技术实现低成本高产量超疏水基底的制备,同时利用银纳米粒子和待测物分子在超疏水基底上的浓缩富集,将待测物分布在银纳米粒子之间,利用银纳米粒子的共振耦合效应进行拉曼检测。二、利用基底的疏水性在基底上滴加水滴,利用水滴对光的折射效果对拉曼散射光进行收集,以提高拉曼检测的灵敏度。
[Abstract]:Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an excellent analytical method. Since it was discovered in 1974, it has been highly concerned by scholars because of its ability to identify molecular fingerprints. SERS is widely used in chemical analysis, environmental monitoring, biosensor and other fields. The SERS substrate based on noble metal nanostructures can provide a strong local electromagnetic field hot spot. When molecules are adsorbed in strong electromagnetic fields, the Raman scattering signals of molecules are greatly improved, which is due to the development of microfabrication technology in recent years. A number of novel metal nanostructures have been designed to facilitate the acquisition of higher Raman enhancement factors, although these nanostructures have higher enhancement factors. However, it is still difficult to achieve the level of single molecule detection. Meanwhile, the processing and preparation of nanostructures still need high-energy processing and preparation methods. This cost limits the application of Raman detection in real life. In this paper, we focus on the preparation of Raman substrate with high detection sensitivity by using simple fabrication methods. In this paper, we focus on the development of simple methods to prepare high sensitivity Raman detection substrate, and how to improve the sensitivity of Raman detection work. It mainly includes the following two parts: first, using paper as substrate, the preparation of super-hydrophobic substrate with low cost and high yield can be realized by coating spraying technology. At the same time, using the enrichment of silver nanoparticles and the molecules to be tested on superhydrophobic substrates, the samples were distributed among silver nanoparticles, and the resonance coupling effect of silver nanoparticles was used for Raman detection. 2. The hydrophobicity of the substrate is used to add water drop on the substrate and the light refraction effect of the water drop is used to collect the Raman scattering light in order to improve the sensitivity of Raman detection.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB306;O657.37

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