棉织物表面纳米氧化锌的可控生长与性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 14:00

  本文关键词： 纳米氧化锌 棉织物 可控生长 水热反应　出处：《西安工程大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为目前最重要的半导体之一—氧化锌,是II-VI族宽禁带半导体材料,室温下的禁带宽度3.37e V,激子束缚能达60me V,当氧化锌尺寸为纳米级,伴随纳米效应产生新的性质和用途,广泛用于气敏传感器、紫外光电探测器、激光发射器件、抗菌剂和紫外屏蔽剂等。首先,氧化锌粉体可以通过光的反射和折射达到紫外屏蔽的目的;其次,由于量子尺寸效应,纳米氧化锌可以有效的衰减紫外光线,尤其是波长介于280-320nm之间;同时,在光照条件下,经紫外光线与空气和水的协调作用下,氧化锌释出的电子带负电(e-),留下的空穴则带正电(h+),激发空气中的氧气成为活性氧,活性氧能够与多种微生物发生氧化降解反应,达到杀菌、除臭的效果。因此,将纳米氧化锌处理到纺织品表面,可赋予纺织品抗菌、除臭、抗紫外等特殊的功用性能。本课题借鉴在陶瓷、玻璃等基材上制备氧化锌纳米材料的方法,用浓度2%硅烷偶联剂KH560、反应液p H12、温度80℃、时间30min对棉织物预处理,利用FTIR、XRD、SEM等表征手段探讨硅烷偶联剂KH560对棉织物的处理,对棉纤维的微观结构和形貌的影响,对棉织物亲疏水性能的影响,为实现纳米氧化锌在棉织物表面的可控生长奠定基础。水热反应温度80℃、时间10min、锌盐浓度为0.1mol/L、反应液p H为12时,氧化锌晶体在棉织物表面迅速成核—生长,且晶体含量很高,结晶性较好。棉织物紫外屏蔽性能得到了很大提高,能够达到200以上,织物手感良好。织物经水洗和摩擦后,紫外防护性能虽有降低,但是幅度很小,高于抗紫外线织物的标准。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important semiconductor materials, zinc oxide is a II-VI family wide band gap semiconductor material. The band gap at room temperature is 3.37 EV, and the exciton binding energy is 60 MV. When the size of zinc oxide is nanometer, it has new properties and applications with nanometer effect. It is widely used in gas sensors, UV photodetectors, laser emission devices, antimicrobial agents and UV shielding agents. The ultraviolet shielding can be achieved by the reflection and refraction of light. Secondly, because of the quantum size effect, nanometer ZnO can attenuate the ultraviolet ray effectively, especially the wavelength is between 280 nm and 320 nm. At the same time, under the condition of light, under the coordinated action of ultraviolet ray, air and water, the electrons released by zinc oxide are negatively charged and the holes left behind are positively charged. The oxygen in the air is stimulated to become reactive oxygen, which can be oxidized and degraded with a variety of microorganisms to achieve the effect of sterilization and deodorization. Therefore, nano-zinc oxide is treated to the surface of textiles. It can endow textiles with special functional properties such as antibacterial deodorization and UV resistance. In this paper the method of preparing zinc oxide nanomaterials on ceramic glass and other substrates was studied and the concentration of 2% silane coupling agent KH560 was used to prepare ZnO nanomaterials. The cotton fabric was pretreated with reaction solution pH 12 at 80 鈩，

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