铂纳米簇的合成及其在生物医学研究中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-24 03:24

本文关键词： 铂纳米簇复合纳米簇肿瘤成像肿瘤光热治疗　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：恶性肿瘤严重威胁人类健康,是人类死亡的最大杀手之一,早期诊断和有效治疗是减少肿瘤死亡率的最有效途径。近年来,纳米技术的不断发展及大量新型纳米材料的出现为肿瘤的诊治开辟了新的思路。在肿瘤的诊断方面,以荧光纳米材料为探针的细胞活体成像技术得到广泛的应用,特别是发展无毒、荧光强度优良、靶向性好的纳米材料显得更加有意义；在肿瘤的治疗方面,利用纳米材料作为药物输送载体,利用纳米材料作光敏剂进行光动力和光热辅助治疗等都取得很好的效果。铂纳米材料除了用作传统意义上的催化剂外,近年来也有一些研究关于在肿瘤的成像检测和治疗方面的应用,本论文主要探讨和研究了铂纳米簇的合成新方法及其在生物成像、抗肿瘤、光催化等方面的应用。木论文的工作分为如下三个部分：1.铂纳米簇的化学合成新方法及其在肿瘤的成像和光热治疗中的应用研究我们利用还原性谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸(维生素C)的协同和保护作用一步法快速制备了荧光铂纳米簇,方法简单绿色环保,经过表征发现这种铂纳米簇的生物相容性非常好、荧光稳定、靶向性强,能用于肿瘤细胞的特异性识别,并且发现在红外光照下能有效地杀死肿瘤细胞,这表明它在肿瘤的早期诊断和光热治疗中有着潜在的应用前景。2.铂纳米簇的原位生物合成方法及其在肿瘤的精确成像和光动力学治疗中的应用研究我们发现肿瘤细胞能够特异性地诱导H2PtCl6还原并且原位生物合成荧光铂纳米簇,而在正常细胞中不能合成相关荧光纳米簇,以此发现了一种全新的肿瘤成像新方法。同时,在加入卟啉衍生物后进行红外光照,发现能够有效地协同抑制肿瘤的增长,在肿瘤的光动力学治疗中具有潜在的应用前景。3.铂金银复合纳米簇材料的合成新方法及其催化性能的研究我们利用还原性谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸的协同和保护作用快速制备了铂金纳米簇和铂金银复合纳米簇。经过表征发现这种复合纳米材料能够高效地催化对硝基苯酚还原为对氨基苯酚,同时由于其优良的荧光性能,无毒的生理特性,可潜在地被用于生物成像探针。
[Abstract]:Malignant tumor is a serious threat to human health and is one of the biggest killers of human mortality. Early diagnosis and effective treatment is the most effective way to reduce tumor mortality in recent years. The continuous development of nanotechnology and the emergence of a large number of new nano-materials have opened up new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor. In vivo imaging technology with fluorescent nanomaterials as probes has been widely used, especially in the development of non-toxic, fluorescence intensity, good targeting of nanomaterials is more meaningful; In the treatment of cancer, nanomaterials are used as the carrier of drug delivery. The use of nano-materials as Guang Min for photodynamic and photothermal auxiliary therapy has achieved good results. Platinum nanomaterials are used as catalysts in the traditional sense. In recent years, there have been some studies on the application of tumor imaging detection and treatment. In this paper, we mainly discuss the new synthesis method of platinum nanoclusters and its application in biological imaging and anti-tumor. Photocatalysis and other applications. The work of this paper is divided into three parts as follows: 1. The new method of chemical synthesis of platinum nanoclusters and its application in tumor imaging and photothermal therapy We use reduced glutathione. The coordination and protection of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) produced the fluorescent platinum nanoclusters quickly by one-step method. The method was simple green and environmentally friendly. It was found that the platinum nanoclusters had very good biocompatibility and stable fluorescence. It can be used for the specific recognition of tumor cells and can kill tumor cells effectively under infrared light. 2. In situ biosynthesis of platinum nanoclusters and its application in accurate imaging and photodynamic therapy of tumors. Tumor cells can specifically induce H2PtCl6 reduction and in situ biosynthesis of fluorescent platinum nanoclusters. However, we can not synthesize the related fluorescent nanoclusters in normal cells, so we can find a new method of tumor imaging. At the same time, we add porphyrin derivatives to infrared radiation. It has been found that it can effectively inhibit the growth of tumor. There are potential applications in photodynamic therapy of tumors .3.The synthesis of platinum and silver nanoclusters and their catalytic properties are studied. We use reductive glutathione. Platinum nanoclusters and platinum / silver nanoclusters were rapidly prepared by the synergistic and protective effects of ascorbic acid. It was found that the composite nano-materials could efficiently catalyze the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol. At the same time, because of its excellent fluorescence properties and nontoxic physiological properties, it can potentially be used as a biological imaging probe.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R318;O614.826;TB383.1

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