具有吸附性能的铁钴合金的制备及基于锰掺杂的镍基纳米复合物的超级电容器电极材料的制备

发布时间：2018-01-31 07:35

本文关键词： 铁钴合金纳米复合物吸附超级电容器　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文研究制备了具有吸附性能的铁钴合金及基于锰掺杂的镍基纳米复合物的超级电容器电极材料。研究的详细内容和所得到的成果如下所示:1.通过一种非常简单的室温下还原方法成功制备了不同摩尔比的Fe_xCo_(1-x)(x=0,0.2,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.8,1)纳米粒子,其中Fe_(0.7)Co_(0.3)纳米粒子的粒径最小,且形貌最为均一。此外,先合成铁纳米粒子,再在加热的条件下氮气气氛中用合成的铁纳米粒子原位还原钴盐,通过这一简单方法我们也成功合成了核壳结构的Fe@Co纳米材料,即无定型结构的片状钴包覆在铁纳米链的表面。2.通过对比上述两种不同材料对于有机染料刚果红的吸附性能,我们得到Fex Co1-x(x=0.2,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.8)纳米粒子的吸附性能明显高于核壳结构的Fe@Co纳米材料。值得注意的是,通过测定这两种结构纳米粒子的比表面积,我们发现Fe_(0.7)Co_(0.3)纳米粒子的比表面积高于核壳结构的Fe@Co纳米材料。通过详细的表征分析,我们可以得出的结论是双金属合金结构的表面能高于核壳结构的表面能。所制备的Fe_(0.7)Co_(0.3)双金属合金纳米粒子,表现出非常高的吸附效率,2分钟内即可吸附完全200 mg L~(-1)刚果红,最高吸附量可以达到1970.5 mg g~(-1)。因此,这种纳米材料可以作为一种效率高、成本低且可以大范围合成的吸附材料用在污水处理领域。3.通过一种简单的两步温度控制的水热方法成功制备出了Mn掺杂的Ni_3S_2/Ni(OH)_2超薄纳米片,其厚度为2-5纳米,而且呈现出开孔的交联网状结构,促进了电解液中离子的传输。表面活性剂CTAB的加入提高了复合纳米片整体的润湿性能,进一步提高了纳米片与电解液离子的直接相互作用。此外,锰、硫化镍、氢氧化镍三者之间存在的某种协同作用更进一步提高了该复合纳米片的导电性,加速了电子传输。该电极材料呈现出超高的比电容值,1.2 m A cm-2的电流密度下放电时间超过了2000秒,可达到最大值5037.6 m F cm-2,即使当电流密度增加到120 m A cm-2的情况下,仍然保持较高的电容值1468.1 m F cm-2。4.成功组装了Mn掺杂的Ni_3S_2/Ni(OH)_2//AC的非对称超级电容器器件。该器件在功率密度为425 W kg~(-1)具备最高的能量密度是51 W h kg~(-1),并且即使当功率密度提高到8500 W kg~(-1),能量密度仍然可以保持在16.5 W h kg~(-1)。因此,我们所制备的这种非对称的超级电容器被认为具备很大的可利用前景作为电化学的能量储存器件。
[Abstract]:In this paper, Fe-Co alloys with adsorption properties and supercapacitor electrode materials based on manganese doped nickel-based nanocomposites have been prepared. The detailed contents and the results obtained are as follows:. 1. FexCos with different molar ratios were successfully prepared by a very simple reduction method at room temperature. 1-xDX. The particle size is the smallest and the morphology is the most uniform. Iron nanoparticles were synthesized first and then cobalt salts were reduced in situ by the synthesized iron nanoparticles in nitrogen atmosphere. Through this simple method we also successfully synthesized core-shell Fe@Co nanomaterials. That is, amorphous structure of the sheet cobalt coated on the surface of iron nanochains. 2. By comparing the adsorption properties of the above two different materials for organic dye Congo red, we obtained Fex Co1-x(x=0.2. The adsorption properties of the nanoparticles were significantly higher than those of the core-shell Fe@Co nanoparticles. It is worth noting that the specific surface area of the nanoparticles is measured. We found that the specific surface area of Fe@Co nanoparticles was higher than that of core-shell structure Fe@Co nanoparticles, and the specific surface area of the nanoparticles was higher than that of core-shell structure Fe@Co nanomaterials. We can draw the conclusion that the surface energy of bimetallic alloy structure is higher than that of core-shell structure. It shows a very high adsorption efficiency of 200 mg / L ~ (-1)) Congo red within 2 minutes, and the maximum adsorption capacity can reach 1970.5 mg / g ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The nanomaterials can be used as a high efficiency material. Low-cost and widely synthesized adsorbents are used in wastewater treatment. Mn-doped Ni3S / NiOH has been successfully prepared by a simple two-step hydrothermal method with temperature control. 2 ultrathin nanocrystals. Its thickness is 2-5 nanometers, and it has a cross-linked network structure, which promotes the ion transport in electrolyte. The addition of surfactant CTAB improves the wettability of the composite nanocrystalline. In addition, some synergistic effects among manganese, nickel sulfide and nickel hydroxide further improved the conductivity of the composite nanoparticles. The electron transmission was accelerated and the discharge time of the electrode material was more than 2000 seconds at current density of 1.2mA cm-2. The maximum value is 5037.6 m F cm-2, even when the current density increases to 120mA cm-2. The capacitance value is still high 1468.1 m F cm-2.4. The Mn-doped Ni3S2 / NiOHs are successfully assembled. Ac asymmetrical supercapacitor devices with a maximum energy density of 51 W 路kg ~ (-1) at a power density of 425 W 路kg ~ (-1). And even when the power density is increased to 8500 W / kg ~ (-1), the energy density can still be kept at 16.5 W / h / kg ~ (-1). The asymmetric supercapacitors are considered to be promising as electrochemical energy storage devices.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;TM53

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