超高分子量聚乙烯纤维表面改性及其橡胶基复合材料性能研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 05:35

  本文关键词： UHMWPE纤维 表面改性 橡胶基复合材料 力学性能　出处：《宁波大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文采用液相氧化工艺对超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维进行表面处理,选用溶液晶体生长工艺制备一种新型类竹节状UHMWPE纤维复合增强体。将原始纤维、表面改性纤维及类竹节状UHMWPE纤维分别添加到天然橡胶中制备短切UHMWPE纤维/橡胶复合材料并考察材料性能。本论文所做工作如下:(1)UHMWPE纤维表面氧化改性。选用铬酸溶液、高锰酸钾溶液分别对UHMWPE纤维进行表面改性处理,考察氧化剂种类、工艺参数对纤维表面化学、表面结构及性能的影响。使用红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征纤维表面含氧官能团的种类和数量,使用扫描电镜(SEM)和万能拉伸试验机(MTS)表征纤维表面形貌和力学强度,使用接触角测量仪表征纤维表面的润湿性。结果表明:(a)铬酸氧化改性最佳工艺条件为:将重铬酸钾、水及浓硫酸按照质量比为7:12:150配置溶液,35℃下氧化5min;(b)高锰酸钾氧化改性最佳工艺条件为:将高锰酸钾、浓硝酸按照质量比为1:30配置溶液,室温下氧化1min;(c)与高锰酸钾氧化改性工艺相比,铬酸氧化改性工艺的改性效果更好,对纤维自身的力学损耗更小。(2)类竹节状UHMWPE纤维复合增强体的制备。以对二甲苯为溶剂,利用聚合物间熔点的差异,采用溶液晶体生长技术制备类竹节状UHMWPE纤维复合增强体。使用SEM观察UHMWPE纤维复合增强体的表面形貌、分布、疏密程度、尺寸等,确定最佳溶液晶体生长工艺条件。结果表明:铬酸溶液(重铬酸钾、水及浓硫酸质量比为7:12:150)中35℃下氧化5min后的样品在91℃下结晶20h效果最佳。(3)复合材料的制备及性能研究。将原始纤维、液相氧化改性后的纤维及溶液晶体生长后的纤维加入到天然橡胶基体中,研究表面改性方式、纤维含量对UHMWPE纤维/橡胶复合材料性能的影响。使用SEM、动态力学分析仪(DMA)、MTS分别表征复合材料界面和断口形貌、纤维与橡胶基体的粘结强度、复合材料拉伸强度及撕裂强度。结果表明:当纤维添加份数相同时,铬酸溶液处理后UHMWPE纤维/橡胶复合材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、硬度最佳;当添加纤维类别相同时,随着纤维添加份数的增加,UHMWPE纤维/橡胶复合材料的硬度不断增大、撕裂强度先增大后减小。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the surface of UHMWPE fiber was treated by liquid phase oxidation process. A new bamboo-like UHMWPE fiber composite reinforcements were prepared by solution crystal growth process. Surface modified fiber and bamboo-like UHMWPE fiber were added to natural rubber to prepare short cut UHMWPE fiber / rubber composite and their properties were investigated. Surface oxidation modification of UHMWPE fiber. Chromic acid solution is used. The surface of UHMWPE fiber was modified by potassium permanganate solution, and the kinds of oxidant and process parameters on the surface chemistry of the fiber were investigated. Effects of surface structure and properties. The types and number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the fibers were characterized by FTIR and XPSs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and universal tensile testing machine (MTS) were used to characterize the surface morphology and mechanical strength of the fibers. The wettability of fiber surface was measured by using contact angle. The results showed that the optimum process conditions for oxidation modification of potassium dichromate were as follows: potassium dichromate was modified by potassium dichromate. Water and concentrated sulfuric acid were oxidized at 35 鈩，

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