微胶囊复合材料的摩擦性能研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 09:53

本文关键词： 微胶囊复合材料力学性能摩擦磨损　出处：《兰州理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着聚合物基复合材料的应用日益广泛,对其性能的综合要求也愈来愈高,本论文利用微胶囊特殊的核壳结构技术,将其应用到聚合基复合材料的制备,以提高聚合物基复合材料的力学、摩擦学等综合性能。本文首先通过原位聚合法制备了以三聚氰胺-甲醛为壁材、硬脂酸丁酯为芯材的微胶囊。将其作为添加剂,通过熔融共混法制备分别得到聚乙烯/微胶囊及聚偏氟乙烯/微胶囊复合材料,通过原位合成法得到环氧树脂/微胶囊复合材料,考察了微胶囊的加入对基体材料的力学性能、摩擦性能的影响规律。通过对三种微胶囊/复合材料的淬断面SEM分析表明:微胶囊在三种基体材料中的球形结构完好,粒径均一,分布均匀,说明所采用的微胶囊具有足够强度能够承受制备/合成过程中温度及剪切力对其的影响。复合材料力学性能和摩擦性能结果表明:复合材料的力学性能随微胶囊质量分数的增加都呈现出规律性的变化,聚乙烯/微胶囊复合材料的强度及模量下降;环氧树脂/微胶囊以及聚偏氟乙烯/微胶囊复合材料的强度和断裂伸长率下降,模量上升。原因是微胶囊本身力学性能较低,作为材料的应力集中点,其强度较低,随着复合材料中微胶囊含量的上升,复合材料的力学性能会逐渐下降。随着微胶囊在基体材料中含量的增加,复合材料摩擦性能也呈现出规律性变化,聚乙烯基复合材料的摩擦系数随微胶囊质量分数的增加而下降,材料的减摩性能良好;环氧树脂基复合材料随微胶囊的加入材料的摩擦系数降低、磨损量也降低,这是因为微胶囊在摩擦过程中受摩擦力的作用芯材被破坏并逐渐释放,使复合材料的摩擦学性能有了极大地改善;聚偏氟乙烯基复合材料随微胶囊质量分数的不断增加,复合材料的摩擦系数、磨损量呈先降低后上升的变化规律,微胶囊的加入对基体材料具有良好的减摩抗磨效果。
[Abstract]:With the increasing application of polymer matrix composites, the comprehensive requirements for their properties are becoming higher and higher. In this paper, microencapsulated special core-shell structure technology is applied to the preparation of polymeric matrix composites. In order to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of polymer matrix composites, in this paper, melamine-formaldehyde as wall material was prepared by in-situ polymerization. Polyethylene / microcapsules and polyvinylidene fluoride / microcapsules composites were prepared by melt blending with butyl stearate as core material. Epoxy resin / microcapsule composites were prepared by in-situ synthesis, and the mechanical properties of the matrix materials were investigated by the addition of microcapsules. Through the SEM analysis of the quenched section of the three kinds of microcapsules / composites, it is shown that the spherical structure of the microcapsules in the three kinds of matrix materials is intact, the particle size is uniform and the distribution is uniform. The results show that the microcapsules have enough strength to withstand the influence of temperature and shear force during the preparation / synthesis process. The mechanical properties and friction properties of the composites show that:. The mechanical properties of the composites show regular changes with the increase of the mass fraction of microcapsules. The strength and modulus of polyethylene / microcapsule composites decreased. The strength and elongation at break of epoxy resin / microcapsule and polyvinylidene fluoride / microcapsule composites decreased, but the modulus increased. With the increase of the content of microcapsules in the composite, the mechanical properties of the composites will decrease gradually, and with the increase of the content of microcapsules in the matrix material. The friction coefficient of polyethylene matrix composites decreases with the increase of the content of microcapsules, and the friction reduction performance of the composites is good. With the decrease of friction coefficient of the microencapsulated materials, the wear amount of the epoxy matrix composites is also reduced, which is because the microcapsules are destroyed and released gradually by the friction force during the friction process. The tribological properties of the composites are greatly improved. With the increase of the content of microencapsulation, the friction coefficient and wear amount of PVDF composites decreased firstly and then increased. The addition of microcapsules has a good antifriction and antiwear effect on the matrix material.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB332

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