亚麻纤维表面化学镀铜改性研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 02:31

  本文关键词： 亚麻纤维 化学镀铜 非钯活化 沉积速率 面积电阻率　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：植物纤维具有轻质高强、绿色环保、吸湿隔热等优点,近年来其复合材料质被广泛应用于建材、汽车、基础设施建设等领域。本文采用化学镀铜方法,在保留亚麻纤维自身优良性能的基础上使其具有一定的导电性能及抗菌性能,以双向亚麻纤维布为基材,以表面电阻率及金属沉积率作为指标,系统研究了亚麻纤维表面镀铜工艺及其对亚麻纤维与亚麻纤维-环氧树脂复合材料性能的影响,研究工作主要包括三部分内容:(1)研究无钯活化化学镀铜方法,并利用Taguchi正交试验方法,对工艺参数进行优化;(2)利用XPS、SEM、EDS、XRD与FTIR初步研究了亚麻纤维表面的化学镀机理、镀层化学成分与结构;(3)初步研究了表面镀铜对亚麻纤维-环氧树脂基复合材料的力、热性能等影响。本文首先研究了温度、p H值、Cu SO4浓度、EDTA·2Na浓度与HCHO浓度对亚麻纤维表面镀层的影响。研究表明,镀液的PH值对亚麻纤维表面镀层的影响最大。通过Taguchi模型,优化得到亚麻纤维表面最优化学镀铜工艺参数为:0.28mol/L Cu SO4、1.5mol/L HCHO、0.16mol/L EDTA·2Na,施镀温度为55°C,p H值为13,在该优化工艺参数下,亚麻纤维表面铜沉积率为122.5μm/h,纤维表面铜镀层厚度为0.7μm-2.1μm,面积电阻率可达到0.082Ω/cm2,亚麻纤维表面的镀层均匀致密,并且具有金属光泽。活化前后与镀铜后亚麻纤维的FTIR检测结果表明,活化过程未改变亚麻纤维的化学结构,属于物理吸附过程;对经活化后施镀得到的铜镀层进行XPS和EDS检测结果显示,亚麻纤维表面镀层化学组成为铜单质;XRD分析结果显示镀层中的单质铜为面心立方晶体结构。最后研究了亚麻纤维表面镀铜对亚麻纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料力学性能、热性能及其抗菌性能的影响,结果表明,由于铜镀层的存在,纤维表面粗糙度增加,与树脂间的机械咬合力增加,所以拉伸强度提高4.23%;在化学镀过程中,纤维经过酸碱处理,结构受到一定破坏,纤维表面缺陷增加,导致模量降低6.78%;铜是金属,在受到拉伸时,沿拉伸方向延伸,拉伸试验时,在纤维和树脂间存在的铜层发生一定程度的滑移,故断裂伸长率提高31.78%;镀铜后的亚麻纤维表面粗糙,与树脂间结合力增强,内部结构更加紧密,链段运动所需耗能较高,其复合材料较未处理的亚麻纤维复合材料玻璃化温度、储能模量、损耗因子均有所提高;铜作为天然无机抗菌剂的一种,具有良好的抗菌性能,铜离子通过干扰细菌的复制繁殖过程抑制细菌的增长,从而达到抗菌的目的。表面镀铜后亚麻纤维复合材料由于大量铜的存在,阻止了细菌在纤维表面的增长,抗菌性能优良。将化学镀铜工艺创新性的应用到亚麻纤维上,所得到的铜镀层均匀致密,导电性能良好,与环氧树脂相结合,得到的复合材料板材界面性能得到提高,从而力学性能及热性能均有所提高。经过化学镀铜改性处理,亚麻纤维被赋予了良好的导电性及抗菌性,为今后功能性应用做好铺垫。
[Abstract]:The plant fiber is lightweight, green environmental protection, moisture absorption and heat insulation and other advantages, in recent years, the composite materials are widely used in automobile, Yu Jiancai, infrastructure construction and other fields. This paper uses the electroless copper plating methods, while retaining its excellent properties of flax fibers which have high conductivity and antibacterial properties, with two-way flax fiber cloth as the substrate, as the index to the surface resistivity and metal deposition rate, studied flax fiber surface copper plating process and its effect on properties of flax fiber and flax fiber epoxy resin composite material, the research work mainly includes three parts: (1) study on palladium free activation electroless plating method, and using orthogonal test method Taguchi. To optimize the process parameters; (2) using XPS, SEM, EDS, XRD and FTIR on the chemical plating mechanism of flax fiber surface coating, chemical composition and structure; (3) early Step on the surface of copper plating on flax fiber epoxy resin composites, thermal properties and so on. This paper studies the P temperature, H value, Cu concentration of SO4, effects of EDTA and 2Na concentration and HCHO concentration on the surface coating of flax fiber. The study shows that the effect of bath pH on flax fiber surface the maximum. Coating by Taguchi model, the optimized optimal flax surface electroless plating process parameters: 0.28mol/L Cu SO4,1.5mol/L HCHO, 0.16mol/L EDTA, 2Na, plating temperature is 55 DEG C, P H 13, in the optimized process parameters, the flax fiber surface of the copper deposition rate is 122.5 m/h, the thickness of fiber the surface copper coating is 0.7 mu m-2.1 mu m, the area of resistivity can reach 0.082 /cm2, flax fiber surface coating is uniform and compact, and has a metallic luster. That flax fiber FTIR results before and after activation and copper after activation process did not change the sub The chemical structure of hemp fiber, which belongs to the physical adsorption process; after the activation of copper plating was obtained by the XPS and EDS results showed that the chemical composition of flax fiber surface layer of pure copper; XRD analysis results show that the copper coating in the face centered cubic crystal structure. The study of flax fiber surface plating flax fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite material mechanics performance, thermal performance and impact, the antibacterial performance results show that the copper coating, fiber surface roughness increased, between resin and mechanical bite force increase, so the tensile strength increased by 4.23%; in the electroless plating process, fiber after acid treatment, subject to certain structural damage, increase the fiber surface defects, resulting in reduced modulus 6.78%; copper metal, under tension, extending along the stretching direction, tensile test, the copper layer exists between a fiber and resin The slip degree, the elongation increased 31.78%; copper after flax fiber surface roughness, reinforced with resin binding force, the internal structure more closely, the motion of chain segments required for high energy consumption, flax fiber composite materials of glass transition temperature of the composites is not processed, storage modulus, loss factor were improved; as a kind of natural copper inorganic antibacterial agent, has good antibacterial property, copper ions inhibit the growth of bacteria breeding by interfering with bacterial replication, so as to achieve the purpose of surface copper antibacterial. Flax fiber composite materials due to the large number of copper, prevent bacterial growth on the surface of the fiber, excellent antibacterial properties. The chemical plating process innovation applied to flax fiber, copper coating was uniform and compact, good conductivity, combined with epoxy resin, the performance of the plates to the interface of composite material The mechanical properties and thermal properties of the flax fiber have been improved. After being modified by chemical copper plating, flax fiber is endowed with good electrical conductivity and antibacterial property, laying a good foundation for functional application in the future.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB306
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本文编号：1532704