零维纳米光电材料的制备、表征及应用

发布时间：2018-03-01 21:26

本文关键词： 纳米光电材料透射电子显微镜 SERS 大肠杆菌　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文主要对零维金属纳米材料(锗纳米晶和银纳米颗粒)的制备、表征及应用进行了研究。利用透射电子显微学技术对锗纳米晶的微观结构进行研究,为特定尺寸锗纳米晶的制备提供理论基础;以银纳米颗粒为活性基底,利用表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术对单细胞进行检测,成功区分两种不同细胞壁的酵母细胞,对细菌分泌物进行检测,为耐药菌的快速检测提供数据支撑。本论文研究内容主要分为以下四章:第一章首先对纳米材料在新能源以及生物医学领域的应用进行综述,其次对锗纳米晶和SERS理论进行简介。第二章通过离子注入法在非晶二氧化硅薄膜中制备锗纳米晶,并对其尺寸分布及微观结构进行研究。结果表明,锗纳米晶的尺寸和粒径差异随注入剂量的增加而不断增加;最大的锗纳米晶在锗浓度最高的地方形成;定义了1~10 nm锗纳米晶尺寸的阈值,并估算了参与生成锗纳米晶的锗含量大约在40%~60%。第三章通过化学还原法制备银纳米颗粒并以此为SERS活性基底,在单细胞水平进行研究。结果表明,含有表面保护剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的银纳米颗粒重现性较好;SERS可以很好的区分两种细胞壁不同的酵母细胞。第四章确定了大肠杆菌应激反应SERS信号来自于细菌分泌物;发现变异链球菌与大肠杆菌应激反应不同,可以用于细菌鉴别;基于应激反应现象对大肠杆菌耐药性进行探究,为开发快速检测耐药菌提供数据支持。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the preparation, characterization and application of zero-dimensional metallic nanomaterials (germanium nanocrystals and silver nanoparticles) were studied. The microstructure of germanium nanocrystals was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of germanium nanocrystals of specific size, silver nanoparticles were used as active substrates, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique was used to detect single cells, and two kinds of yeast cells with different cell walls were successfully distinguished. The detection of bacterial secretions provides data support for rapid detection of drug-resistant bacteria. This paper is mainly divided into four chapters: the first chapter summarizes the application of nanomaterials in the field of new energy and biomedicine. In chapter 2, germanium nanocrystals were prepared in amorphous silica thin films by ion implantation, and the size distribution and microstructure of germanium nanocrystals were studied. The size and particle size difference of germanium nanocrystals increase with the increase of implantation dose; the largest germanium nanocrystals are formed at the highest germanium concentration; the threshold value of 1ng-10nm germanium nanocrystalline size is defined. The content of germanium involved in the formation of germanium nanocrystals was estimated to be about 400.In chapter 3, silver nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction method and used as SERS active substrates. Silver nanoparticles containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) have good reproducibility and can distinguish two different yeast cells with different cell walls. Chapter 4th confirmed that the SERS signal of Escherichia coli stress reaction came from bacterial secretion. It was found that the stress reaction of Streptococcus mutans was different from that of Escherichia coli, which could be used to identify bacteria, and to explore the drug resistance of Escherichia coli based on the phenomenon of stress reaction, to provide data support for rapid detection of drug-resistant bacteria.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1

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