功能化超疏水材料的制备

发布时间：2018-03-03 08:20

  本文选题：超疏水　切入点：附着力　出处：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：超疏水表面在建筑、纺织、交通等领域有着广泛的应用,不同的应用环境对超疏水材料的性质提出了不同的要求。本课题主要针对超疏水材料的附着力、抗结露抗结霜性能、透光性三个方面考虑来制备超疏水材料。1.超疏水涂层的制备及附着力改进:先在基材表面涂覆一层环氧树脂粘附层,该层作为亲水层。用环氧树脂改性疏水溶胶制备出超疏水涂层作为憎水层,将憎水层涂覆在亲水层表面,制备出内层亲水、外层憎水的亲水-憎水两级膜。研究表明憎水层制备的最佳工艺条件为:反应时间20h,改性后溶液与疏水溶胶按体积比1:1混合。亲水层制备的最佳条件为:50℃下固化3h。亲水-憎水两级膜与憎水膜相比,虽然接触角由156°降至152.2°,但附着力由3级增大到0级,铅笔硬度由HB增加到3H,耐刷洗性能也有较大提高。2.抗结露抗结霜超疏水材料的制备:采用简单的溶液浸泡法及表面修饰制备出超疏水铜、铝表面。实验发现该表面与未处理的光滑表面相比,具有如下两个功能:(1)阻止形成大的冷凝水珠。铜表面刻蚀90min后,改性得到的超疏水表面,经3h冷凝,仅仅出现几个直径为1-2mm的大液滴,其余大部分液滴用肉眼不能判断其大小;而未处理的光滑铜表面,几乎所有冷凝液滴直径都会达到3mm以上。在超疏水铝表面上形成的冷凝液滴的尺寸在1-2mm。(2)延缓冰霜的形成。未处理的光滑铜表面,20min后表面就几乎全部被霜层覆盖;在超疏水铜表面,冷却137min后,仅在铜片边缘处出现一些霜层。超疏水铝表面的有一定的延缓结霜能力,但没有超疏水铜表面效果好。比较超疏水铜、铝表面的抗结露抗结霜性能可以得出:纳米尺寸的粗糙度相对于微米尺寸的粗糙度更有利于延缓结露结霜问题。3.透明超疏水材料制备:用溶胶-凝胶法制备疏水溶胶,为增加溶胶涂膜后的粗糙度,在溶胶中加入30nm的Si O2。兼顾疏水性和透光率,找到最优化的方案,制备出高透光率的超疏水涂膜,接触角可达158°,透光率达91%。
[Abstract]:Superhydrophobic surfaces are widely used in the fields of architecture, textile, transportation and so on. Different application environments have put forward different requirements for the properties of superhydrophobic materials. The preparation of superhydrophobic coating and the improvement of its adhesion: first, coating with epoxy resin adhesive layer on the substrate, The superhydrophobic coating was prepared with epoxy resin modified hydrophobic sol as hydrophobic layer, and the hydrophobic layer was coated on the surface of hydrophilic layer to prepare the inner hydrophilic layer. Hydrophilic hydrophobic two-stage membrane for outer hydrophobicity. The optimum conditions for preparation of hydrophobic layer are as follows: reaction time 20 h, the volume ratio of modified solution to hydrophobic sol is 1: 1. The optimum conditions for preparation of hydrophilic layer are as follows: 1: 50 鈩，

本文编号：1560245