硫醚封端水溶性聚合物配体制备贵金属纳米粒子

发布时间：2018-03-07 09:40

本文选题：荧光金属纳米粒子　切入点：聚合物配体　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：荧光金属纳米粒子(团簇)作为一种新的金属纳米结构,已受到越来越多的关注。由于其尺寸小,具有明显不同于金属本体的光电学等物理化学新特性,因此广泛应用于生物检测、生物成像和荧光标记等领域。金银荧光纳米粒子由于具有较高的荧光量子效率、良好的生物相容性等优点,其研究应用最为广泛,关于采用不同配体及不同方法制备荧光金银纳米粒子的报道也越来越多。为了能更好地应用于生物标记等领域,我们需进一步探索如何提高纳米粒子荧光效率以及探索简单易行的方法制备荧光纳米粒子。本文分别采用液相还原法和超声法,通过首先合成硫醚封端的水溶性聚合物配体,分别制备出红色荧光的银纳米粒子和金纳米团簇。并利用荧光光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、能量弥散的X射线分析(EDAX)等研究手段对制备的金属纳米粒子进行了表征。详细内容如下:1.以合成的水溶性聚合物PTMP-PMAA作为配体,硼氢化钠为还原剂,室温下还原制备得到荧光量子效率为4.80%的金纳米团簇,再向其中加入硝酸银溶液,通过调控硝酸银的用量以及反应时间,制备出荧光量子效率高达11.25%的荧光增强的纳米颗粒,并证明该纳米粒子为银纳米粒子。这种方法合成出的纳米颗粒与单独用硝酸银为银前体,PTMP-PMAA聚合物为配体,外加还原剂硼氢化钠制备出的纳米颗粒不同,其荧光性能更强。2.采用超声反应方法,以合成的水溶性聚合物PTMP-PMAA作为配体,在不加金属还原剂的情况下,一步法制备得到了近单分散的水相荧光金纳米团簇。并探究了聚合物浓度、聚合物分子量、超声时间、超声功率对其荧光性能的影响,从而优化反应条件;制备得到荧光量子效率为6.15%的纳米金团簇。该纳米团簇在金属离子溶液中具有较好的稳定性。
[Abstract]:As a new metal nanostructure, fluorescent metal nanoparticles (clusters) have attracted more and more attention. Because of their small size, fluorescent metal nanoparticles (clusters) have new physical and chemical properties, such as photoelectricity, which are obviously different from metal bulk. Therefore, gold and silver fluorescent nanoparticles are widely used in the fields of biological detection, biological imaging and fluorescent labeling, because of their advantages of high fluorescence quantum efficiency and good biocompatibility. There are more and more reports on the preparation of fluorescent gold and silver nanoparticles by different ligands and methods. We need to further explore how to improve the fluorescence efficiency of nanoparticles and to explore a simple and feasible method to prepare fluorescent nanoparticles. In this paper, water soluble polymer ligands sealed by sulfides were synthesized by liquid phase reduction method and ultrasonic method, respectively. Silver nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles with red fluorescence were prepared, and the metal nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Using the water-soluble polymer PTMP-PMAA as the ligand, Gold nanoclusters with fluorescence quantum efficiency of 4.80% were prepared by reduction of sodium borohydride at room temperature. Silver nitrate solution was added to the clusters. The amount of silver nitrate and the reaction time were adjusted. Fluorescence enhanced nanoparticles with fluorescence quantum efficiency up to 11.25% were prepared and proved to be silver nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were ligand with PTMP-PMAA polymer with silver nitrate as precursor alone. The fluorescent properties of the nanoparticles prepared by adding sodium borohydride are different. 2. By ultrasonic reaction, the water-soluble polymer PTMP-PMAA is used as ligand, without metal reducing agent. The near monodisperse aqueous fluorescent gold nanoclusters were prepared by one-step method, and the effects of polymer concentration, polymer molecular weight, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power on their fluorescence properties were investigated, and the reaction conditions were optimized. Gold nanoclusters with fluorescence quantum efficiency of 6.15% have been prepared and have good stability in metal ion solution.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;O614.12

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