石蜡类相变材料微胶囊的制备与表征

发布时间：2018-03-11 01:09

本文选题：分散聚合　切入点：相变材料微胶囊　出处：《北京服装学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前，相变材料微胶囊的壁材是以密胺树脂、脲醛树脂等材料为主，且微胶囊的芯材都是单一的相变材料。密胺树脂和脲醛树脂由于本身的结构问题会在使用的过程中释放出甲醛等有害气体；单一的相变材料，其相变温度范围较窄，这些缺点限制了相变材料的应用领域。本文选用无甲醛等有害气体释放的苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的聚合物为壁材，以正十八烷和硬脂酸丁酯为相变材料，分别制备了正十八烷相变材料微胶囊、硬脂酸丁酯相变材料微胶囊以及以十八烷和硬脂酸丁酯为复合相变材料的复合相变材料微胶囊。本论文采用分散聚合法制备以苯乙烯-共聚单体为壁材原料，正十八烷和硬脂酸丁酯为芯材的相变材料微胶囊，借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、热重分析仪（DTA-TG）、激光粒度仪等测试仪器，研究了乳化剂、引发剂、共聚单体、单体与芯材配比等因素对制备的相变材料微胶囊的结构和性能的影响，对相变材料微胶囊的表面形貌、粒径大小及分布、热性能进行了表征和分析。将制备的微胶囊试用于棉织物的浸压和涂层整理，并对整理后的棉织物进行相变调温功能进行了评价。实验结果表明：（1）采用苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸的聚合物P(St-co-MAA)作为壁材，正十八烷为芯材可以成功制备出相变材料微胶囊。优选的工艺条件为：采用苯乙烯与甲基丙烯酸的配比为3:1、芯壁比为1:1、采用1.3%的偶氮二异丁腈、3%的十二烷基硫酸钠在分散30min后微胶囊的形貌较好，粒径分布均匀。微胶囊的平均粒径为10.867μm；熔融相变温度为30.73℃，相变焓值高达180J/g。（2）采用苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸的聚合物P(St-co-MAA)作为壁材，硬脂酸丁酯为芯材可以成功制备出相变材料微胶囊。优选的工艺条件为：采用1.6%的偶氮二异丁腈、2%的十二烷基硫酸钠、芯壁比为1:1时微胶囊的形貌较好，粒径分布较为均匀。微胶囊的平均粒径为11.36μm；熔融相变温度为21.5℃，相变焓值高达104.05J/g，结晶相变温度为15.67℃，相变焓值可达100.57J/g。（3）实验采用十八烷和硬脂酸丁酯两种类别不同的相变材料进行复合，以苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的聚合物P(St-co-MAA)为微胶囊的壁材，制备复合型相变材料微胶囊。优选的工艺条件为：采用1.8%的偶氮二异丁腈、2%的十二烷基硫酸钠、确定了芯壁比为1:1及两种相变材料的比例为4:6、5:5、6:4时微胶囊的形貌较好，粒径分布较为均匀。微胶囊的平均粒径为11.42μm；当十八烷与硬脂酸丁酯的比例为4:6、5:5、6:4时，微胶囊的热焓值分别为103J/g、91.4J/g和87.2J/g，热焓值很理想。（4）将自制的相变材料微胶囊应用浸轧法对棉织物进行整理，当胶合剂用量为50%、焙烘时间为25min、轧余率为75%时，织物的透气性较好，，熔融温度为26.71℃，相变热焓值为24.83J/g，热焓值相对理想。（5）将20%的相变材料微胶囊采用涂层整理法整理到棉织物上，赋予织物蓄热调温的功能，并测定整理后织物的热性能。结果表明：棉织物的熔融相变温度为26.03℃，相变热焓值为25.16J/g，热焓值相对理想。
[Abstract]:At present, microcapsule phase change material is mainly made of melamine resin, urea formaldehyde resin and other materials, and the micro capsule core material are single phase change materials. Melamine resin and urea formaldehyde resin as the structure itself will release formaldehyde and other harmful gases in the process of use; a single phase change material. The phase transition temperature range is narrow. These disadvantages limit the application of phase change materials. The formaldehyde and other harmful gases release of styrene and methacrylic acid polymer as wall material, with eighteen alkyl and butyl stearate as phase change materials, were prepared microcapsules is eighteen alkyl PCM microcapsules, butyl stearate phase change materials and eighteen alkanes and stearic acid ester composite phase change material of composite PCM microcapsules.
This paper adopts polymerization with styrene monomers as wall material is dispersed, eighteen alkanes and butyl stearate as PCM microcapsules, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzer (DTA-TG) test instrument, laser particle size analyzer so, the research of emulsifier, initiator, comonomer, affect the structure and properties of monomer and core material ratio on the phase change material preparation of microcapsules, the microcapsules surface morphology, particle size and particle size distribution, thermal properties were characterized and analyzed. The micro capsule will try the preparation of cotton fabrics to soak and coating, and the fabric of the temperature regulating function were evaluated.
The experimental results show that: (1) using polymer P styrene methacrylic acid (St-co-MAA) as the wall material is eighteen alkyl as the core material can be successfully prepared by microencapsulated phase change material. The optimum condition is: using styrene and methyl methacrylate ratio is 3:1, the ratio of core to wall is 1:1, with 1.3% azo two azobisisobutyronitrile, morphology twelve sodium dodecyl sulfate in 3% 30min microcapsules have good dispersion, uniform particle size distribution. The mean particle diameter of 10.867 mu m; melting phase transition temperature of 30.73 DEG C, the enthalpy value up to 180J/g. (2) using polymer P styrene methyl acrylic acid (St-co-MAA) as the wall material of butyl stearate as the core material can be successfully prepared by microencapsulated phase change material. The optimum condition is: using 1.6% two azo isobutyronitrile, twelve sodium dodecyl sulfate 2%, the ratio of core to wall for microcapsules were better when 1:1, the grain size distribution is all Well. The mean particle diameter of 11.36 mu m; melting phase transition temperature of 21.5 DEG C, the enthalpy value of up to 104.05J/g, the crystallization temperature of 15.67 DEG C, the enthalpy value up to 100.57J/g. (3) experiment with phase change materials of eighteen alkanes and butyl stearate and two kinds of different compound, with styrene polymer P and methacrylic acid (St-co-MAA) as wall material of microcapsule, preparation of microcapsule composite phase change material. The optimum condition is: using 1.8% two azo isobutyronitrile, twelve sodium dodecyl sulfate 2%, determine the core wall ratio is 1:1 and two kinds of phase-change material ratio of microcapsules were good 4:6,5:5,6:4, particle size distribution is more uniform. The mean particle diameter of 11.42 mu m; when eighteen alkyl and butyl stearate ratio was 4:6,5:5,6:4, the enthalpy of microcapsules were 103J/g, 91.4J/g and 87.2J/g, the enthalpy value is ideal. (4) the self-made MicroPCMs using padding method of finished cotton fabric, when the cement dosage is 50%, the curing time is 25min, rolling over rate is 75%, the fabric permeability is better, the melting temperature is 26.71 DEG C, the transformation enthalpy value is 24.83J/g, the enthalpy value is relatively ideal. (5) the micro 20% capsule phase change material by coating finishing method finishing to cotton fabrics, gives the fabric thermal regulating function, and determination of thermal properties of the finished fabrics. The results show that the melting temperatures of cotton fabric is 26.03 DEG C, the transformation enthalpy value is 25.16J/g, the enthalpy value is relatively ideal.

【学位授予单位】：北京服装学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34

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