一维碳材料负载氧化物半导体复合光催化材料研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 03:03

本文选题：碳纳米管　切入点：棉花纤维　出处：《安徽理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着工业的快速发展,环境污染日趋严峻。为了降解水和大气中的有机物,发展一种无污染的环境处理技术,已经成为现代社会的一项非常重要的任务。各类研究已证明半导体光催化技术能直接利用太阳光降解环境中的污染物。在此背景下,本论文针对碳纳米管、碳纤维为代表的一维碳材料是目前研究最为广泛的一类新型碳材料,且因其高比表面积与优良的导电性能成为当今纳米材料研究领域的热点之一。将碳纳米管(CNTs)和脱脂棉花纤维(CFs)作为载体,采用低温处理法及水热法,制备了多种一维碳材料氧化物半导体复合体系,并对其光催化性能进行检测以及对其光催化机理做出合理解释。主要展开以下几方面研究： 1.采用水热法及低温法,选取CNTs作为载体,以K2TiO(C2O4)2为钛源,在CNTs上成功负载了均匀的TiO2。综合运用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG)等手段对复合材料进行表征。实验结果表明,水热法制备的复合材料,纳米TiO2更好的均匀生长在CNTs。在可见光下降解亚甲基蓝的实验结果显示,所制备的复合材料TiO2/CNTs与单纯的TiO2粉体相比较,复合材料TiO2/CNTs光降解速度更快,且具有更高的光催化降解率。 2.采用低温处理法,选取脱脂棉花纤维(CFs)作为载体,分别以草酸钛钾(K2TiO(C2O4)2),乙酸锌(Zn(AC)2-2H2O)为前驱体,制取了TiO2/CFs、ZnO/CFs复合光催化材料,并采用XRD、SIM、透射电镜(TEM)和BET比表面积及孔径分布测试等表征手段分别对CFs和TiO2/CFs复合光催化材料的结构、形貌分析及生长机理的探讨,并利用TG测定了半导体氧化物的负载率。表征结果显示纳米TiO2、ZnO均匀生长于碳纤维表面,其中纳米Ti02呈排列均匀的针状团簇,纳米ZnO的形貌是片状粒子,且具有较大的比表面积。可见光照射下降解亚甲基蓝的实验结果显示,与单纯的TiO2、ZnO粉体相比较,复合材料显现出了更强的光催化效率
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of industry, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. It has become a very important task in modern society. Various studies have proved that semiconductor photocatalytic technology can directly utilize solar light to degrade pollutants in the environment. In this context, this paper focuses on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Carbon fiber as the representative of one-dimensional carbon materials is the most widely studied class of new carbon materials, Because of its high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity, it has become one of the hot research fields in the field of nanomaterials. CNTsand CFS) were used as carriers, and the methods of low temperature treatment and hydrothermal treatment were adopted. A variety of one-dimensional carbon materials oxide semiconductor composite systems were prepared and their photocatalytic properties were tested and the photocatalytic mechanism was explained reasonably. 1. By hydrothermal method and low temperature method, CNTs was selected as carrier and K _ 2TiOO _ (C _ 2O _ 4) _ 2 as titanium source. Homogeneous TIO _ 2 was successfully loaded on CNTs. The composite was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), etc. The experimental results showed that the composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results of degradation of methylene blue in visible light showed that compared with the pure TiO2 powder, the photodegradation rate of the composite TiO2/CNTs was faster than that of the pure TiO2 powder, and the photodegradation rate of the composite TiO2/CNTs was higher than that of the pure TiO2 powder, and the photodegradation rate of the composite TiO2/CNTs was higher than that of the pure TiO2 powder. And the photocatalytic degradation rate is higher. 2. The composite photocatalytic materials of TIO _ 2 / CFS / ZnO _ 2 / C _ 2O _ (2) were prepared by using potassium oxalate K _ 2TiO _ (2) C _ (2) O _ (2) C _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) and Zn ~ (2 +) Zn ~ (2 +) H _ (2) H _ (2) as precursor by low temperature treatment. The structure, morphology and growth mechanism of CFs and TiO2/CFs composite photocatalytic materials were characterized by XRDX SIM, TEM (TEM) and BET specific surface area and pore size distribution, respectively. The loading ratio of semiconductor oxide was measured by TG. The results showed that nano-TiO _ 2ZnO was homogeneously grown on the surface of carbon fiber, in which nano-sized Ti02 was a well-arranged needle-like cluster, and the morphology of nanometer ZnO was flake. The experimental results of degradation of methylene blue under visible light showed that the composite showed higher photocatalytic efficiency than the pure TIO _ 2O _ 2 ZnO powder.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O643.36;TB33

【参考文献】