天然高分子与纳米银生物复合膜及多层微胶囊的制备

发布时间：2018-03-18 15:12

本文选题：天然高分子　切入点：纳米银　出处：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天然高分子材料广泛存在于自然界中,具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性以及无毒副作用等性能特点和优点,在生物医用领域具有十分广泛的应用。然而,有些天然高分子材料也存在着一些性能不足之处,例如天然高分子明胶材料在力学性能和抗菌性能方面存在不足。近年来,纳米材料的研究和应用受到了人们的广泛关注。其中,纳米银因为具有良好的抗菌性能,能够抑制细菌的生长,因此在生物医药领域得到了广泛的应用,例如纳米银抗菌材料应用于不同的生物植入器件和医用织物方面。本工作将壳聚糖、明胶、羧甲基纤维素钠等天然高分子与纳米银进行复合制备了天然高分子/纳米银生物复合材料,并对这些复合材料的性能进行了分析。首先,基于电刺激响应性壳聚糖的可控电沉积技术,进行壳聚糖、明胶与纳米银生物材料的电沉积研究,在电极表面得到外观平整的复合膜;纳米银的引入可以赋予材料抗菌性能和导电性能,有利于其在生物医用领域的进一步应用。本工作为构建纳米银/壳聚糖/明胶生物复合膜提供了一种新的方法,实现了在不同电极或基材上电沉积生物复合膜。该方法可以利用不同形状的电极以及电沉积技术的空间选择性制备具有不同形状的纳米银/壳聚糖/明胶生物复合膜。其次,同时采用纳米银和生物酶对明胶材料进行修饰来制备纳米银/明胶生物复合材料。采用微生物转谷氨酰胺酶修饰明胶材料,可以将明胶进行交联修饰改善材料的力学性能;采用纳米银修饰明胶材料,可以改善材料的抗菌性能。采用流变仪对微生物转谷氨酰胺酶催化纳米银/明胶体系形成凝胶过程进行分析。抗菌实验结果证明,与纯明胶材料相比,微生物转谷氨酰胺酶修饰的纳米银/明胶生物复合材料显示出了良好的抗菌性能,这种微生物转谷氨酰胺酶修饰的纳米银/明胶生物复合材料将在生物医用材料例如人工皮肤材料伤口愈合剂等方面具有良好的应用前景。最后,本工作利用阳离子聚电解质壳聚糖与阴离子聚电解质羧甲基纤维素钠的组装,并结合气-液微流道技术制备羧甲基纤维素钠/壳聚糖的多层微胶囊。研究结果表明我们所制备的羧甲基纤维素钠/壳聚糖多层微胶囊的尺寸比较均一,层与层之间的界面清晰,每一层都具有一定的空隙。我们采用这种微胶囊对不同类型的荧光物质以及不同种类纳米粒子例如纳米银进行了包埋实验,结果表明这种微胶囊能够在不同层组装不同类型的物质。因此,这种微胶囊将在控制释放、载体材料、药物输送等方面具有潜在的应用价值。本工作利用电沉积技术、生物酶修饰技术、气-液微流道技术等方法制备了纳米银/壳聚糖/明胶生物复合膜、纳米银/明胶生物复合材料以及羧甲基纤维素钠/壳聚糖多层微胶囊,所制备的天然高分子/纳米银生物复合材料在植入器件、伤口愈合材料、控制释放材料等生物医药领域将具有良好的应用前景。同时,该工作将为天然高分子与纳米粒子复合材料的研究提供重要的理论和实践依据。
[Abstract]:Natural polymer material widely exists in nature, has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and toxicity. The performance characteristics and advantages, is widely used in the biomedical field. However, some natural polymer material also has some performance deficiencies, such as natural polymer materials in mechanical and antibacterial properties of gelatin performance problems. In recent years, the research and application of nano materials has attracted widespread attention. Among them, because the silver nanoparticles exhibit good antibacterial properties, can inhibit the growth of bacteria, so it has been widely used in biomedical fields, such as nano silver antibacterial material used in bio implantable devices and medical fabrics different. In this work, chitosan, gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, natural polymer and nano silver compound preparation of natural polymer / nano Nano silver biological composite material, and the properties of these composites are analyzed. Firstly, electroresponse controllable electrodeposition technique based on chitosan, chitosan, gelatin and electrodeposition of nano silver biological materials, composite film on the electrode surface are smooth; the introduction of nano silver can be given antibacterial properties and conductivity, beneficial to its further application in the biomedical field. The work for the construction of silver nanoparticle / chitosan / gelatin composite membrane provides a new method to achieve at different electrode or substrate electrodeposited on the biological membrane. This method can be used for space selective electrodes of different shapes and the electrodeposition technology with different shapes of nano silver / chitosan / gelatin composite biological membrane. Secondly, the silver nanoparticles and enzymatic modification of gelatin material to prepare nano Mi Yin / bio composite gelatin. By microbial transglutaminase modified gelatin material, can improve the mechanical properties of gelatin materials modified by cross-linking; silver nanoparticles modified gelatin material, can improve the performance of antibacterial materials. By using analysis of microbial transglutaminase catalyzed by nano silver / gelatin gel formation process. Experimental results show that the antibacterial, compared with the pure gelatin material, nano silver / microbial transglutaminase modified gelatin composites showed good antibacterial properties, the microbial transglutaminase modification of nano silver / gelatin composite biomaterials in biomedical materials such as artificial skin material wound healing agent has good application prospect. Finally, the assembly of polyelectrolyte chitosan and anionic polyelectrolyte sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Combined with gas - liquid micro channel technology for preparation of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose / chitosan multilayer microcapsules. The results showed that the prepared sodium carboxymethyl cellulose / chitosan multilayer microcapsules of uniform size, between the layers and clear interface, each layer has a certain gap with us. The micro capsule on the fluorescent substances of different types and different types of nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles were embedded in experiments, the results show that the microcapsules in different layers of different types of material assembly. Therefore, this kind of microcapsules in a controlled release carrier material, has the potential application value in drug delivery and so on. The electro deposition technology, biological enzyme modification technology, gas - liquid micro channel technology and method for preparation of silver nanoparticles / chitosan / gelatin composite membrane bio, nano silver / gelatin composite biomaterials and carboxymethyl cellulose The sodium / chitosan multilayer microcapsules prepared by natural polymer / nano silver composite materials in bio implantable devices, wound healing materials, has a good application prospect controlled release materials and other biomedical fields. At the same time, the work will be studied for natural polymer and nanoparticles composite materials provide important theoretical and practical basis.

【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.2

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