导电高分子及其复合物的合成与应用

发布时间：2018-03-20 22:45

  本文选题：聚吡咯　切入点：石墨烯　出处：《武汉工程大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：导电聚合物聚吡咯(PPy)以其易于合成,环境稳定性较好,电导率高,氧化还原性能优越,无毒无公害等特点已经逐渐发展成为了导电高分子领域的热门研究方向,这些优异的特性使得它在传感器,新能源电池,电磁屏蔽,金属防腐等领域都有着广泛的应用。近几年,多组分的聚吡咯复合材料层出不穷,可以通过多种功能材料的复合,实现多种材料与聚吡咯性能的互补与优化,更大程度地发挥聚吡咯作为导电高分子的优势。本论文主要在以下三个方面进行了探索研究:(1)通过磺化的方法增加石墨烯与碳纳米管的水溶性,再用界面聚合法合成磺化石墨烯/磺化碳纳米管/聚吡咯三组分复合材料,并对其形貌、结构、性能等方面进行表征测试,结果表明得到的磺化石墨烯和磺化碳纳米管都具有良好的水溶性,并且复合材料的电化学性能相比单一组分有明显的提高。(2)以软模板法制备聚吡咯微米管,再用水热还原法制备二氧化锰/碳纳米管复合材料,最后使用得到的二氧化锰/碳纳米管复合材料对聚吡咯微米管进行改性处理。对得到的三组分复合材料的形貌、结构、性能等方面进行表征测试,结果表明得到的复合材料在电容量和电容保持率方面有着优异的表现,为其作为电极材料和电能存储材料的应用提供了可靠保证。(3)用甲基橙作为模板,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,在无外加酸的条件下合成了聚吡咯水海绵体。在800℃并且氮气保护的条件下对其进行煅烧处理,得到具有碳气凝胶特性的氮掺杂碳纳米管气凝胶。对其微宏观形貌,各类特性,结构组成等进行了表征测试。结果表明得到的氮掺杂碳纳米管气凝胶具有低密度,拥有一定强度,疏水亲油,阻燃等特性,并且对于玫瑰红、亚甲基蓝、刚果红等染料具有较好的吸附性能。最后通过电化学测试发现该气凝胶在电容保持率方面表现优异,同样在电极材料和电能储能材料的应用方面有着很大的发展潜力。
[Abstract]:The conductive polymer polypyrrole pyrrolidene has become a hot research direction in the field of conducting polymer due to its easy synthesis, good environmental stability, high conductivity, superior redox performance, non-toxic and non-pollution. These excellent properties make it widely used in sensor, new energy battery, electromagnetic shielding, metal anticorrosion and so on. In recent years, multicomponent polypyrrole composites have emerged in endlessly, which can be compounded by multi-functional materials. To realize the complementarity and optimization of the performance of polypyrrole and various materials, Polypyrrole as a conductive polymer to a greater extent. In this paper, we have explored the following three aspects: 1) increasing the water solubility of graphene and carbon nanotubes by sulfonation. The sulfonated graphene / sulfonated carbon nanotubes / polypyrrole composites were synthesized by interfacial polymerization. The morphology, structure and properties of the composites were characterized. The results show that both the sulfonated graphene and the sulfonated carbon nanotubes have good water solubility, and the electrochemical properties of the composites are obviously improved compared with the single component. 2) the polypyrrole micron tubes are prepared by soft template method. The manganese dioxide / carbon nanotube composites were prepared by hydrothermal reduction method. Finally, the polypyrrole micron tubes were modified by the manganese dioxide / carbon nanotube composites. The results show that the composite has excellent performance in capacitance and capacitance retention. It provides a reliable guarantee for its application as electrode material and electric energy storage material. It uses methyl orange as template and ammonium persulfate as oxidant. Polypyrrole sponges were synthesized under the condition of no addition of acid. After calcined at 800 鈩，

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